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中国科学家研制出全球首款碳基AI芯片
半导体行业观察· 2025-03-09 03:26
Core Viewpoint - Chinese scientists have developed the world's first carbon-based microchip that operates using a revolutionary ternary logic system, potentially surpassing traditional silicon chips in semiconductor technology [3][12][14]. Group 1: Chip Technology - The new chip utilizes carbon nanotubes (CNT), which are known for their excellent mechanical and electrical properties [4][5]. - CNTs are tiny cylindrical tubes made from graphene sheets and are considered promising materials for next-generation semiconductors due to their superior conductivity and stability [5][12]. - Unlike traditional binary systems that use only 0 and 1, the new chip can process data in three states, leading to faster computation speeds and lower energy consumption [5][6]. Group 2: Research and Development - The research team designed a novel CNT transistor based on a concept called source-gate transistor (SGT), allowing the transistor to switch between three different current states [7]. - Experiments demonstrated that the CNT-based neural network achieved perfect accuracy in classifying handwritten digits, showcasing its potential in AI applications such as image recognition and machine learning [8][12]. Group 3: Market Position and Future Outlook - The development of carbon-based chips positions China at the forefront of semiconductor technology research [12][14]. - The ultimate goal is to make carbon nanotube chips mainstream within the next 10 to 15 years, potentially replacing silicon chips in various applications, including supercomputers and smartphones [14][15]. - Despite their advantages, carbon nanotube chips currently lag behind traditional silicon chips in integration density, as exemplified by Nvidia's RTX 5090 GPU, which contains 92 billion transistors [13].