编者荐语： 日经中文网与36氪开展内容交换合作。将精选36氪的精彩独家财经、科技、企业资讯，与读者分享。 以下文章来源于36氪 ，作者李勤 徐蔡钰 36氪是服务中国新经济参与者的卓越品牌和开创性平台，提供新锐深度的商业报道，强调趋势和价值，我们的slogan是：让一部分人先看到未来。 不再相互依赖，是危险的信号。 文 ｜ 李勤 徐蔡钰 编辑 ｜ 杨轩 封面来源 ｜ Reuters 2024年11月，特朗普当选那一周，特斯拉的研发1号位Lars Moravy带队在中国拜访供应链。 他们已经准确嗅到，新总统关税战故技重施的信号，开始动员中国的特斯拉供应商，向东南亚等地分散产能，以应对即将到来的关税巨浪。 亿纬锂能、欣旺达等电池工厂，均收到明确信号，在泰国接连发起了数轮投资。但显然，特斯拉猜到了开头，没有猜中结尾。特朗普的关税之锤，以飓风 之势砸来。 36氪 . 2025年4月2日，特朗普宣布设立10%的"最低基准关税"，其中对中国输美产品的关税继续叠加，由34%、84%、104%，一路上涨到目前的145%税率。 特斯拉Cybertruck不少关键零部件仍然来自中国，未来得及转移。 相较之下，关税新风暴下，中国汽车 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implications of the U.S.-China trade tensions, particularly focusing on the automotive industry, highlighting how Chinese automakers are adapting to new tariffs while foreign companies face significant challenges [1][40]. Group 1: Tariff Impact on Supply Chains - Tesla's supply chain is actively diversifying to Southeast Asia in response to anticipated tariffs, with Chinese battery manufacturers like EVE Energy and Sunwoda making investments in Thailand [3][4]. - The new tariffs have escalated to 145% on certain imports from China, significantly affecting the cost structure of vehicles like the Tesla Cybertruck, which relies on components from China [4][15]. - Despite the tariff increases, the Chinese automotive industry has shown resilience, with only 11,600 vehicles exported to the U.S. in 2024, representing just 1.8% of total exports [6][18]. Group 2: Defensive Strategies of Chinese Automakers - Chinese automakers have proactively prepared for tariff impacts by localizing supply chains and identifying alternative suppliers, minimizing reliance on U.S. components [10][19]. - Companies like NIO and Li Auto have found ways to switch suppliers for critical components, such as silicon carbide chips, to mitigate cost increases due to tariffs [9][10]. - The overall cost increase for vehicles due to tariffs is estimated to be manageable, with some companies reporting only a few hundred yuan in additional costs [11][12]. Group 3: Challenges for Foreign Automakers - Foreign automakers, particularly American companies like Ford, are facing severe challenges due to their continued reliance on U.S. imports for key components, leading to production halts [16][17]. - Ford has announced the suspension of exports of several models to China due to tariff implications, highlighting the vulnerability of foreign brands in the current trade environment [17][29]. - The complexity of the automotive supply chain means that even minor disruptions can halt production, emphasizing the need for robust risk management strategies [18][19]. Group 4: Long-term Industry Trends - The article suggests that the automotive supply chain is undergoing a transformation towards regional independence, driven by the ongoing trade tensions and the need for stability [38][40]. - Companies are increasingly considering long-term strategies that account for potential future disruptions, indicating a shift in how global supply chains are structured [38][39]. - The trend of "decoupling" in the automotive industry raises concerns about the broader implications for global trade and economic stability [40].