Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the Chinese government's ongoing efforts to address "involution" in various industries, particularly focusing on the steel sector, through policy reforms aimed at improving supply-demand dynamics and reducing excess capacity [1]. Policy Developments - Since 2025, multiple policies have been introduced to combat "involution," including the emphasis on market-oriented resource allocation and the elimination of local protectionism and market segmentation [1]. - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) proposed a plan on May 20 to address "involution" by intensifying efforts to dismantle local protection and market segmentation, as well as curbing the disorderly expansion of outdated production capacity [1]. - A report released by the NDRC on March 13, 2025, outlined revisions to capacity replacement implementation methods in industries like steel, aiming to facilitate the gradual exit of inefficient production capacity and maintain control over crude steel output [1]. Industry Implications - The policies are expected to accelerate capacity regulation, which could benefit the steel industry by improving the supply-demand balance [1]. - The only ETF tracking the steel industry, the Steel ETF (515210), follows the CSI Steel Index, which includes listed companies involved in steel manufacturing, processing, and related services, reflecting the overall performance of the steel sector [1]. - The index components cover upstream and downstream enterprises in the steel industry, showcasing significant industry concentration characteristics [1].