Core Insights - The UNCTAD report highlights that trade policy uncertainty, exacerbated by global tensions and economic challenges, poses significant risks to trade-dependent economies and hampers global economic growth [1][4] - Trade policy uncertainty is deemed more damaging than tariffs, as businesses can adapt to rising costs but struggle with unpredictable policy changes [1][4] Summary by Sections Impact of US Trade Policy - The report identifies the US as a key case study, noting that its frequent trade policy adjustments, such as tariffs on China and renegotiation of NAFTA, create unpredictability for businesses and trade partners [2] - The unilateral actions taken by the US, including tariffs and sanctions, have intensified global trade policy uncertainty and provoked retaliatory measures from other countries [2] - Developing and least developed countries are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of US trade policy uncertainty, which can hinder their economic and social development [2] Recommendations for Mitigating Uncertainty - The report calls for governments, businesses, and international organizations to collaborate in enhancing global trade resilience and stability [3][4] - Governments should base policy decisions on clear economic analysis and data, providing rationale and expected impacts to improve predictability for businesses [3] - Prior notification of new trade measures is recommended to allow businesses time for consultation and adjustment [3] - International organizations like UNCTAD and WTO should promote policy coordination among countries to avoid retaliatory actions and establish frameworks to address uncertainty [3] - Countries are encouraged to adhere to and strengthen rules within regional and multilateral trade agreements to minimize policy volatility [3] - Businesses should enhance supply chain flexibility by establishing backup suppliers, increasing inventory, and utilizing multiple transportation methods to quickly adapt to policy changes [3]