Core Viewpoint - Stablecoins have become a focal point in the global cryptocurrency market, attracting significant international attention due to their higher value stability compared to traditional cryptocurrencies and their advantages in transactions and cross-border payments, which may lead to transformative changes in the global financial governance system [1][3]. Group 1: Development Dynamics and Characteristics of Stablecoins - Since the launch of Tether's USDT in 2014, the global stablecoin market has evolved through various phases, including rapid expansion and subsequent stabilization. Citi Institute predicts that by 2030, the total outstanding supply of stablecoins will reach $1.6 trillion, potentially making stablecoin issuers one of the largest holders of U.S. Treasury bonds [3]. - Stablecoins are categorized into four main types based on their anchoring mechanisms: fiat-backed, crypto-backed, algorithmic, and commodity-backed. As of May 2025, fiat-backed stablecoins have a market capitalization exceeding $220 billion, accounting for over 90% of the market share [4]. - The market structure of stablecoins is characterized by a dominance of USD stablecoins, which had a market capitalization of approximately $242.7 billion as of May 2025, representing 99.78% of the total market. In contrast, Euro stablecoins are below $500 million, with other currencies like the Turkish Lira and Japanese Yen having less than 0.1% market share [6]. Group 2: Application Scenarios and Expansion - The potential for stablecoins in cross-border payment settlements is significant, with estimated settlement values of $3.7 trillion in emerging markets in 2023 and projected annual growth of $5.28 trillion. Circle's CPN (Circle Payments Network) aims to integrate stablecoin usage into various payment sectors, enhancing their application in global payments [7]. Group 3: Risk Characteristics and Regulatory Trends - The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) highlights that stablecoins face systemic risks due to their reliance on volatile exchange rates, pre-paid cash issuance, and potential use in financial crimes. These factors hinder their ability to become a pillar of future monetary systems [9]. - Current regulatory frameworks, including the EU's MiCA, the U.S. GENIUS Act, and Hong Kong's Stablecoin Regulation, aim to address the risks associated with stablecoins. However, there are still regulatory gaps, particularly concerning non-fiat-backed stablecoins, and a lack of unified enforcement mechanisms [10].