近日，辽宁省发布《辽宁省新型职业农民职称评定办法（试行）（征求意见稿）》，拟设置初、中、副 高和正高四个职称级别，将"土专家""田秀才"纳入专业技术人才评价体系。 这一政策创新引发广泛关注，其初衷值得肯定，比如，赋予农民专业身份认同，能够提升农业职业的荣 誉感与吸引力，破解乡村人才瓶颈、激活农业发展活力等。 但能否真正落地见效，关键不在于制度有无，而在于是否贴合农民的实际需求。对农民而言，职称 的"名头"并不关键，实实在在的"甜头"才是根本。 为农民出台的政策，要贴合农民的实际诉求。农民职业化是未来农业发展的大方向，在实践中，促进农 民职业化的直接路径已有很多，比如农艺工、园艺工、无人机植保操作员等职业的设立，还有配套的农 技培训服务等。还有一些其他做法也能推动农民走向专业化、职业化，比如搭建产销对接平台、完善农 业保险体系，"公司+基地+农户"的生产模式等。 相较于这些常见的举措，职称评定更像是一种"间接激励"，其价值的实现，必须跨越可行性与获得感两 道关卡。 但这些优待政策能否和农民的职称对得上？能否提升其现有工作的效率？毕竟发展农业技术和提升生产 效率才是职称评定的初衷，如果"甜头"与其职业无关，那这种 ...

推动农民职业化，这是应对"谁来种地"的迫切需要，也是抢占现代农业科技竞争制高点的关键举 措，慢不得、等不起。必须拿出更大决心，破除制度障碍，以只争朝夕的劲头，把培育现代职业农民摆 在优先位置。 以"产业增效"加快提升职业吸引力。粮食比较效益低，"1斤粮食不如1瓶矿泉水值钱"的现实严重削 弱了农民的职业吸引力。应强化价格、补贴、保险等政策支持和协同作用，确保农民种粮不亏本、有钱 赚。应持续推进粮食产业高质量发展，强化市场导向，发展订单农业、品牌农业，实现优质优价。促进 农村一二三产业融合发展，支持农民从单一粮食生产向精深加工、乡村旅游、农村电商、民宿经济等新 业态拓展，实现收入结构的多元化与收入水平的显著提升。普及智能农机与智慧农业，从根本上改变农 民工作环境与方式，使其成为令人羡慕的"科技岗"。当务农收入不低于甚至高于城镇同龄从业者时，农 民才能成为有吸引力的职业选择。 以"身份重塑"立起农民应有的尊严感。现代职业农民不应是固守传统的"庄稼汉"，而应是懂技术 的"田秀才"、善经营的"农经理"、会管理的"土专家"。要像培育工程师、教师一样，建立系统的职业资 格认证与教育培训体系，推动从业者从"经验型"走向"专业 ...

Core Viewpoint - The urgent need to professionalize farmers is highlighted as a critical measure to address the question of "who will farm" and to seize the competitive edge in modern agricultural technology [1][2]. Group 1: Challenges in Rural Labor - Rural labor faces dual challenges of "generational disconnection" and "quality gap," with an aging agricultural workforce and younger generations lacking interest or skills in farming [2]. - The necessity to inject fresh talent into agriculture is emphasized, as advanced technologies will be ineffective without a skilled workforce [2]. Group 2: Institutional Reforms - The need for "institutional deregulation" to break down identity barriers is discussed, focusing on the deep ties between traditional "farmer" identities and household registration and land ownership [3]. - Reforms in household registration and land rights are essential to allow agricultural practitioners, regardless of their origin, to access equal public services and to facilitate land transfer for modern farmers [3]. Group 3: Enhancing Professional Appeal - The low comparative profitability of grain farming diminishes its attractiveness, with the statement that "1 pound of grain is worth less than 1 bottle of mineral water" [4]. - Policies to ensure profitability for farmers, such as price support and insurance, are necessary, alongside the promotion of high-quality grain industry development and diversification into new business models [4]. Group 4: Reshaping Farmer Identity - Modern professional farmers should be seen as knowledgeable and skilled individuals rather than traditional laborers, necessitating a shift towards professional training and certification [5]. - Incentives for urban talent to engage in agriculture, such as entrepreneurship funds and housing subsidies, are crucial for attracting skilled individuals to the farming sector [5]. - The importance of creating a societal respect for farmers and recognizing their role in national food security is emphasized, aiming to elevate their social status [5]. Group 5: Broader Implications - The professionalization of farmers is framed as a significant systemic project that impacts social equity, talent mobility, and long-term national food security [5]. - A sense of urgency is called for in accelerating the professionalization of farmers to strengthen the foundation of food security and the future of agricultural modernization in China [5].