Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of enhancing resilience in agricultural and food systems in China, aligning with the country's 14th Five-Year Plan to improve food security and sustainability [4][6]. Group 1: Resilience Definition and Importance - Resilience is defined as the ability to withstand shocks and pressures, which is crucial for ensuring food security amid natural and market risks [4][5]. - The need for a multidimensional resilience evaluation framework is highlighted, focusing on agricultural production, community organization, and supply chain resilience [5]. Group 2: Role of Smallholder Farmers - Smallholder farmers are identified as key players in building rural economic resilience due to their unique contributions to agricultural supply chain and ecological safety [6]. - Strategies to enhance smallholder farmers' capabilities include integrating them into modern agricultural value chains and improving their bargaining power [6]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations for Long-term Resilience - The article suggests moving away from short-term subsidies and instead investing in ecological agriculture, protecting local varieties, and supporting rural storage and cold chain facilities [7][8]. - Four main strategies are proposed: 1. Strengthening agricultural production foundations by optimizing capacity layout and improving resource utilization [8]. 2. Enhancing supply chain stability and security through better logistics and long-term cooperation between production and consumption areas [8][9]. 3. Promoting innovative business models and new industry systems to adapt to changing demands and technological advancements [9]. 4. Establishing a robust agricultural safety net to improve insurance coverage and provide timely support to low-income rural populations [9].