Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market requires a dual approach of breaking down existing barriers and establishing new systems to enhance market efficiency and competitiveness [2][20]. Group 1: Market Foundation System - Establishing a unified market foundation system is essential for releasing economic vitality, as it ensures clear property rights, contract freedom, equal competition, and market access [4][10]. - The current institutional trade costs in domestic trade account for 21.7% of total trade costs, indicating a significant area for improvement that could enhance overall welfare by 5.9% if reduced by 50% [3][4]. - The central government has outlined specific measures to strengthen the unified market foundation, focusing on property protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit systems [3][4]. Group 2: Market Infrastructure - Efficient logistics are crucial for the smooth operation of the national economy, directly impacting the flow of production factors and products [6][8]. - A modern logistics system is identified as a key infrastructure for the unified market, facilitating the free and efficient movement of goods and factors across the country [8][9]. - The integration of logistics, supply chains, and innovation chains can significantly reduce market fragmentation and enhance overall economic efficiency [8][9]. Group 3: Government Behavior and Regulation - The unification of government behavior standards is necessary to eliminate local protectionism and ensure fair competition among market participants [10][12]. - Current challenges include hidden barriers such as local subsidies and differentiated policies that hinder market efficiency and competition [11][12]. - A reformed performance evaluation system for local governments is essential to align their incentives with the goals of a unified market, moving away from GDP-centric assessments [12][13]. Group 4: Resource Market - The free flow of production factors and the integration of various factor markets are critical for the construction of a unified national market [17][18]. - The removal of barriers between urban and rural areas, as well as between regions, is necessary to enhance overall economic efficiency and resource allocation [18][19]. - The establishment of a unified market for construction land and the reform of the household registration system are key steps in facilitating labor mobility and resource allocation [19][20].