Core Viewpoint - Diabetes significantly increases the risk of arterial plaque formation due to prolonged high blood sugar levels, which damage blood vessel linings and promote cholesterol deposition [2]. Group 1: Risk Factors and Health Implications - Epidemiological studies indicate that individuals with diabetes have a notably higher risk of developing arterial plaques compared to non-diabetic individuals [2]. - High blood sugar levels lead to oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to vascular damage and the accumulation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in blood vessel walls, resulting in atherosclerosis [2]. - Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases can affect major blood vessels throughout the body, including the heart, brain, and lower limb arteries, posing significant health risks for many diabetes patients [2]. Group 2: Early Warning Signs and Medical Guidance - Individuals with a family history of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases should be vigilant for early symptoms such as chest pain, dizziness, and leg pain, and seek medical attention promptly [3]. - Regular medication adherence is crucial for diabetes patients, especially those at risk for cardiovascular diseases, who may benefit from glucose-lowering medications with cardiovascular risk control properties [3]. - Lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, regular exercise, and weight management, are recommended to prevent disease onset [3]. Group 3: Prevention and Monitoring Strategies - Prevention of plaque formation should focus on dietary management, including caloric control, reduced salt and oil intake, and optimized macronutrient distribution [4]. - Regular health monitoring is essential, including blood tests for glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipids, as well as ultrasound examinations to check for arterial plaques [4]. - Urine tests for microalbumin can also be part of the monitoring strategy to assess kidney function and overall health [4].