光污染与阿尔兹海默症风险显著相关 这项研究的科研人员把美国48个州的光污染情况和本地区的医疗记录进行了比对，令人惊讶的是，他们竟然 发现光污染和阿尔兹海默症之间存在显著正相关，这种巧合也引起了科研人员的兴趣。 或许，居住在城市的你，总是享受早上被阳光唤醒的清晨，但是夜间不得不和窗外照进来的灯光相伴；又或 许，总是起夜的你，习惯留一盏夜灯，为你提供方便。 但是2024年9月发表于《神经科学前沿》的一项研究表明，这些在你睡眠时与你相伴的光线不仅会影响你休 息，还可能会增加阿尔兹海默症的风险。不过需要注意的是，这篇研究目前只是个前沿性的研究，所以只是 提出了这种可能性，还不能得出确切的结论，但是为进一步了解阿尔兹海默症、降低阿尔兹海默症风险提供 了新思路。 △美国各大州光污染程度和阿尔兹海默症患病情况 他们继而对被影响到的群体进行了更细致的划分，对于65岁以上的人，阿尔兹海默症的风险因素包括酗酒、 慢性肾病、抑郁症、糖尿病和高血压，光污染程度只是其中的风险因素之一。 而对于65岁以下的人群，在研究评估的众多因素中，光污染程度可能是影响阿尔兹海默症患病风险的第一大 因素。不过需要注意的是，这只能证明光污染和阿尔兹海默 ...

慢性病患者健康过冬应注意这些事项 慢性呼吸系统疾病。冬季寒冷干燥的空气易刺激呼吸道，导致慢性支气管炎、慢阻肺等慢性呼吸系 统疾病症状加重；同时，冬季也是呼吸道感染高发期，若不慎感冒或感染甲流、乙流等病毒，也会导致 疾病的急性发作。 糖尿病。冬季血糖往往更难控制。寒冷会刺激交感神经，使儿茶酚胺分泌增加，引起血糖升高。另 一方面，冬季人们更喜欢摄入高脂肪、高热量的食物，且身体活动减少，也会影响血糖的稳定。 人民网北京12月24日电 （记者乔业琼）据云南疾控微信公众号消息，伴随冷空气的南下，人们纷 纷裹紧了羽绒服，然而对于高血压、糖尿病、慢阻肺等慢性病患者而言，冬季不仅是"冻手冻脚"的季 节，更是病情易波动的"高危期"。那么，降温会带来哪些健康风险？又该如何防范？ 降温对慢性病患者有哪些影响？ 心脑血管疾病。低温会引起毛细血管收缩，增加血流阻力，导致血压升高，心脏负荷加重，易诱发 脑卒中、心绞痛、心肌梗死等急症，危及生命。此外，冬季活动减少、饮水不足，易使血液黏稠度增 加，促进血栓形成，引发心脑血管意外。 防寒保暖。及时增添衣物，冬季气候寒冷，慢性病患者应加强保暖，可遵循"洋葱穿衣法"，通过多 层搭配适应温度变化； ...

Core Points - The article highlights the increasing awareness of diabetes, particularly the prediabetes stage, which is often overlooked despite its significance in diabetes progression [1][2] - It emphasizes the importance of early detection and management of prediabetes to prevent the onset of diabetes [1][5] Group 1: Diabetes and Prediabetes Overview - As of now, there are approximately 140 million diabetes patients in China, with over one-third of the population currently in the prediabetes stage [1][2] - Prediabetes is defined as having blood sugar levels higher than normal but not yet meeting the criteria for diabetes diagnosis, serving as a transitional phase before diabetes onset [1][2] Group 2: Health Management Strategies - Individuals in the prediabetes stage can still reverse their condition as pancreatic beta-cell function has not severely declined, and insulin resistance can be improved [5] - A recommended dietary approach includes the "211 plate method," which consists of two fist-sized servings of non-starchy vegetables, one fist-sized serving of carbohydrates, and one fist-sized serving of quality protein [5] - The article advises against sugary drinks, noting that liquid sugars are absorbed more quickly than solid foods, leading to higher blood sugar levels [7] Group 3: Exercise Recommendations - The "135 exercise rule" is suggested, which includes exercising one hour after meals to prevent blood sugar spikes, engaging in at least 30 minutes of exercise each session, and maintaining a routine of at least five days a week [7] - A combination of aerobic exercises (like brisk walking or cycling) and resistance training (such as squats or dumbbells) is recommended for optimal results [7]

Core Insights - The prevalence of diabetes in China is rising, particularly among younger populations, due to lifestyle changes and dietary habits [1][3][9] Group 1: Rising Diabetes Rates - Diabetes is one of the four major chronic diseases threatening human health, with increasing rates among children and adolescents [1][3] - The incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is significantly rising, with younger ages being affected [3][9] Group 2: Risk Factors and Symptoms - High-sugar and high-calorie diets, along with unhealthy lifestyles, are major contributors to the increasing rates of diabetes among youth [5][10] - Type 2 diabetes often lacks typical symptoms in early stages, making early detection challenging [6][7] Group 3: Prevention and Management - Early intervention is crucial for delaying the progression of diabetes and preventing complications [6][9] - Recommendations for prevention include dietary changes, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight [10]

Core Points - The article addresses common misconceptions about diabetes management, particularly regarding dietary restrictions for diabetic patients [1] - It emphasizes the importance of understanding glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) when considering food choices for blood sugar control [4][8] Dietary Misconceptions - Diabetic patients can consume sweet foods, but they should focus on low-GI options and manage portion sizes to avoid blood sugar spikes [5] - Water-rich fruits like watermelon can be consumed in moderation, as they have a low glycemic load (4.9) and can provide essential nutrients without causing significant blood sugar fluctuations [7][8] - "Sugar-free" foods are not necessarily safe for unlimited consumption, as they may still contain carbohydrates that can affect blood sugar levels [10][11] Carbohydrate Management - Limiting staple foods is necessary for controlling total caloric intake, but it does not mean that they should be completely eliminated from the diet [14] - Carbohydrates are essential for energy, and overly restricting them can lead to negative health effects, including low blood sugar [15] Insulin Resistance - The notion that feeling sleepy after eating indicates insulin resistance is unfounded; various factors contribute to post-meal drowsiness [18][19] Sugar Consumption - Excessive sugar intake does not directly cause diabetes but can lead to obesity, which is a significant risk factor for developing the disease [22][23] Dairy Consumption - Diabetic patients can consume yogurt, particularly low-sugar or sugar-free varieties, as they have a lower glycemic index compared to other carbohydrate sources [26]

Core Insights - The article highlights that 70% of the 148 million diabetes patients in China are working professionals, indicating a significant impact on the workforce [1] - The abnormal blood sugar rate among individuals aged 30-40 has tripled over the past decade, raising concerns about the rising prevalence of diabetes in younger populations [1] - Over 60% of pre-diabetic patients are unaware of their condition, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and early detection [1] Summary by Categories - **Diabetes Prevalence** - 148 million diabetes patients in China, with 70% being employed individuals [1] - The abnormal blood sugar rate in the 30-40 age group has increased threefold in the last ten years [1] - **Awareness and Detection** - More than 60% of pre-diabetic patients do not recognize their condition, highlighting a gap in awareness [1] - **Demographic Trends** - Rising incidence of diabetes among younger individuals, particularly in the 30-40 age bracket [1]

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the increasing risk of diabetes among working-age adults, with approximately 70% of the 589 million global diabetes patients being of working age [1] - A study published in The Lancet indicates that sitting for more than 6 hours a day increases the risk of chronic diseases by 26.7%, highlighting the negative impact of prolonged sedentary behavior on glucose metabolism [3] - The relationship between fatty liver disease and diabetes is critical, as insulin resistance caused by high blood sugar can lead to fatty liver, which in turn exacerbates blood sugar levels [5] Group 2 - Warning signs of prediabetes include fasting blood sugar levels reaching or exceeding 5.6 mmol/L, with specific thresholds indicating prediabetes that should prompt medical attention [7] - Dietary recommendations include the "fist rule" for portion sizes, emphasizing whole grains, protein, and vegetables while limiting oils, and the importance of avoiding misleading "sugar-free" products [9] - Regular physical activity is advised, with recommendations for aerobic and resistance training combined for a total of around 150 minutes per week [9]

Core Points - Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals in China, representing a significant microvascular complication of diabetes [1] - The disease often progresses silently without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, leading to irreversible vision damage by the time patients notice vision decline [1] Group 1: Event Details - A live broadcast will be held on November 14 from 10:00 to 11:00, featuring Wang Zhiqiang, the Director of the Ophthalmology Department at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital [1] - The session aims to educate on constructing a comprehensive management strategy from systemic to ocular health to effectively curb the progression of DR and protect the visual health and quality of life of diabetic patients [1] Group 2: Guest Profile - Wang Zhiqiang holds multiple academic positions, including Director of the Ophthalmology Department and various leadership roles in ophthalmology associations [5] Group 3: Viewing Instructions - To watch the live broadcast, users need to download the "People's Good Doctor" app and enter the "Famous Doctor Live" section [6] - Additional health education content can be accessed through the People's Health public WeChat account [8]

Core Viewpoint - The increasing prevalence of diabetes among younger populations, including middle-aged individuals and even adolescents, is a significant concern, highlighting the need for awareness and preventive measures in the workplace [1][2]. Group 1: Rising Diabetes Cases - More middle-aged and even young individuals are being affected by diabetes, challenging the traditional view that it is primarily an elderly disease [1]. - The changing lifestyle, characterized by irregular habits, high-stress work environments, and unhealthy eating patterns, is contributing to the younger onset of type 2 diabetes [1]. Group 2: Importance of Prevention - Health interventions focusing on lifestyle changes are essential for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, emphasizing the need for early lifestyle modifications [1][2]. - The three levels of diabetes prevention include: - Primary prevention: Timely lifestyle interventions for high-risk individuals, focusing on diet and physical activity [1][2]. - Secondary prevention: Early screening and diagnosis for high-risk groups, followed by standardized management to control blood sugar levels [1][2]. - Tertiary prevention: Management of long-term diabetes patients to slow the progression of complications and improve quality of life [2].

Core Points - The article discusses the common experience of dry mouth and thirst, emphasizing that it is often due to physiological reasons and not necessarily indicative of health issues [1][3] - It highlights the importance of understanding the triggers of thirst, which can include dehydration from exercise, high salt or sugar levels in the blood, and age-related decline in saliva production [3][4] Summary by Sections Physiological Causes of Dry Mouth - Thirst is primarily triggered by a decrease in body fluid volume and an increase in fluid osmotic pressure [3] - Factors such as heavy exercise, excessive sweating, and insufficient water intake contribute to dehydration [3] - Aging can lead to reduced saliva production due to atrophy of salivary glands [3] Pathological Causes of Persistent Dry Mouth - If adequate hydration does not alleviate dry mouth, it may indicate underlying health issues such as: - Common illnesses like colds, fever, or diarrhea that lead to dehydration [4] - Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B2, which can cause oral dryness and other symptoms [4] - Side effects from medications like clonidine and amitriptyline that affect saliva secretion [4] Serious Health Conditions to Monitor - Six conditions are highlighted that warrant attention if persistent dry mouth occurs: 1. Sjögren's syndrome, an autoimmune disease affecting salivary glands [6] 2. Autoimmune liver diseases that may present with dry mouth and eyes [10] 3. Diabetes, characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to high blood sugar levels [11] 4. Diabetes insipidus, a rare condition leading to fluid imbalance and excessive urination [12] 5. Sleep apnea syndrome, which can cause dry mouth due to snoring and disrupted breathing during sleep [14] 6. Hyperthyroidism, which accelerates metabolism and can lead to increased thirst [16][17] Recommendations for Hydration - To effectively manage dry mouth, it is essential to maintain proper hydration: - The recommended daily water intake for adults is approximately 2500 milliliters, with at least 1500 milliliters coming from direct water consumption [20] - It is advised to drink water regularly throughout the day, rather than waiting until feeling thirsty [21] - Post-exercise hydration should be done gradually rather than in large amounts [22]