Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of "counterfactual thinking," which involves imagining alternative scenarios to past events and how this can lead to feelings of regret and self-blame [1][11] - It contrasts emotional counterfactual thinking, which focuses on a "better" past, with scientific counterfactual thinking, which aims to improve future decision-making by analyzing what could have been done differently [11][12] - The article emphasizes that scientific counterfactual thinking is essential for understanding causal relationships and making informed decisions, particularly in investment contexts [4][6][14] Group 2 - The article provides examples of how counterfactual thinking can be applied in various fields, such as vaccine safety, climate modeling, and engineering, highlighting its importance in evaluating potential outcomes and improving systems [2][9] - It explains that emotional counterfactual thinking often leads to negative feelings and a cycle of regret, while scientific counterfactual thinking encourages rational analysis and better decision-making [12][13] - The article concludes that mastering scientific counterfactual thinking can transform individuals from passive participants in their circumstances to active designers of their futures [15]