Core Points - The U.S. Department of Defense's Strategic Capital Office (OSC) announced a direct loan of $150 million to MP Materials to enhance domestic heavy rare earth separation capabilities, signaling a move to decouple from China in critical mineral sectors [1][2][4] - This loan is part of a broader agreement between the Department of Defense and MP Materials, aimed at revitalizing the industrial base and securing critical mineral supply chains [1][4] - The funding comes from the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act," which provides $500 million in credit subsidies, potentially unlocking up to $100 billion in loans for critical mineral production and related projects [1][4] Industry Implications - The acceleration of "de-China" efforts in rare earths is crucial, as heavy rare earths are essential for military equipment, electric vehicles, and wind turbines, indicating a strategic shift in resource dependency [2] - The integration of defense and economic strategies is highlighted, with direct loans reinforcing the connection between economic security and military readiness [2][5] - There is a growing trend of reshoring industries, which may extend to sectors like semiconductors, energy, and military materials, intensifying competition between the U.S. and China in critical minerals [2]