Group 1 - The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has raised alarms about the significant decline in international education aid and the uneven investment in culture and science, urging funding bodies to renew their commitments to these critical development areas [1] - UNESCO's Director-General highlighted that education, culture, and science are core elements for promoting peace and social development, emphasizing the necessity of sustainable funding support for these sectors [1] - A new analysis from UNESCO indicates that international education aid may decrease by over 25% between 2023 and 2027, primarily due to public finance challenges, with 60% of low-income countries facing excessive debt or high-risk situations [1] Group 2 - In 2022, the cultural and creative economy contributed 3.1% to global GDP and created nearly 50 million jobs, indicating that funding support for the cultural sector is a comprehensive investment in employment, economic growth, and social cohesion [2] - UNESCO has demonstrated that investments in the cultural sector, from heritage restoration to creative industries, can significantly enhance the effectiveness of development aid, as seen in the job creation from the reconstruction of Mosul's historic district [2] - The scientific sector is crucial for addressing major contemporary challenges, yet it faces long-term funding shortages, with the latest UNESCO report noting that 80% of countries allocate less than 1% of their GDP to research and development [2]

Group 1 - Thailand and China are deepening cooperation in polar research through joint initiatives, including scientific expeditions, laboratory collaboration, and researcher exchanges [1][3] - Over 10 Thai scientists are currently participating in China's polar research efforts, with a focus on environmental changes in polar regions and their global impacts, as well as atmospheric and oceanographic studies [3] - The partnership aims to serve as a model for international scientific collaboration and address urgent global issues [3] Group 2 - This year marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Thailand and China, with frequent interactions between the two countries [4] - Recent military cooperation includes joint training exercises conducted by naval forces from both nations [4]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that China has successfully returned moon samples to Earth, which are now being studied in the UK, highlighting China's leading position in the new space race [1][3]. - The moon samples, collected during China's Chang'e 5 mission in 2020, weigh approximately 2 kilograms and are considered more valuable than gold due to their rarity [1][3]. - The samples are being stored in a high-security facility at the Open University in the UK, where strict measures are in place to prevent contamination [3][4]. Group 2 - Professor Mahesh Anand, the only scientist in the UK to receive these rare materials, expressed that this collaboration could mark the beginning of long-term partnerships between China and international scientists [3]. - The research team has one year to analyze the samples, focusing on micro-level studies that could provide insights into the moon's formation and the early history of Earth [4]. - A specialized machine, developed since the early 1990s, will be used to heat the lunar soil to 1400°C to extract essential gases for analysis [4].