Group 1 - The article discusses the characteristics of local state-owned enterprises in the industry that have issued bonds for the first time from 2024 to the first quarter of 2025, highlighting their focus on industrial transformation and resource integration [3][4] - Over 150 local industrial state-owned enterprises have issued new bonds, primarily concentrated in economically developed regions with minimal negative public sentiment [4][5] - The financial health of these enterprises shows that over 40% have revenues below 500 million and profits below 50 million, indicating a need for improved financial performance [5] Group 2 - The main transformation directions for local state-owned enterprises include state asset operation, cultural tourism, urban comprehensive operation, financial holding/fund equity investment, and park construction and investment operation [6][7] - Core resources for these enterprises include various types of land, properties, financial assets, and public utility assets, which are essential for their operational success [7][8] - The article provides case studies of different types of enterprises that have successfully issued bonds, including engineering construction, state asset operation, equity investment, park operation, cultural tourism, and public utilities [9][10][12][15][22][26] Group 3 - The engineering construction case study highlights a company focused on municipal, highway, and water conservancy projects, with a revenue structure heavily reliant on project management and construction [9][10] - The state asset operation case study describes a company that manages various state assets and engages in food storage and industrial infrastructure development, with a significant portion of its assets in long-term investments [12][14] - The cultural tourism case study emphasizes a company that operates a major tourist attraction, generating substantial revenue from ticket sales and public services [22][24]