Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of urban green spaces in mitigating heat-related mortality risks, particularly in the context of increasing heatwaves and urbanization effects on climate change [2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in Nature Health assessed the impact of different green space configurations on heatwave-related mortality across 265 cities in China, highlighting that small and accessible urban parks can significantly reduce mortality risks associated with heatwaves [2][5]. - The research utilized five landscape pattern indices to evaluate how varying green space configurations affect heatwave-related death risks, revealing that cities with higher green coverage (PLAND), more dispersed distribution (SPLIT), and more regular boundaries (LSI) have significantly lower mortality risks [5][6]. - For heatwaves with temperatures at or above the 92.5th percentile lasting two or more days, cities with low PLAND (relative risk RR=1.11), low SPLIT (RR=1.10), and high LSI (RR=1.13) exhibited significantly higher mortality risks compared to those with high PLAND (RR=1.04), high SPLIT (RR=1.04), and low LSI (RR=1.04) [5]. Group 2: Urban Planning Implications - The study underscores that beyond total green coverage, the configuration of green spaces plays a crucial role in reducing heatwave-related mortality risks, suggesting that urban planning should prioritize strategically distributed, well-shaped green spaces rather than merely increasing the quantity of green areas [6]. - This research integrates urban landscape ecology with epidemiological methods, revealing the dual importance of layout and quantity in the health benefits of green spaces, advocating for the development of more small parks that are easily accessible to community residents [6]. - The findings provide significant scientific evidence and policy insights for global cities to optimize green space configurations in response to health challenges posed by climate change, particularly in areas with limited land resources [6].