为了进一步调动县域政府提升当地基本公共服务水平的动力，李稻葵还提出，可以通过将国家规划目标 分解为具体、可量化、可考核的KPI，把人口市民化等任务纳入干部考核体系，激发县级政府的积极性 和责任感。 推进"以县城为重要载体的城镇化建设"，不仅要提升县域公共服务水平，也要因地制宜地拓宽县域产业 支撑能力。 中国国际工程咨询有限公司社会事业业务部主任于强在同场论坛上表示，县域是城乡融合的关键纽带和 就近城镇化的主要空间。未来县域发展应建立"主导产业短名单"，集中资源发展优势领域；同时，应分 类施策，考虑城市产业配套型、农业主导型、特色资源型、特殊功能型及改革创新型等分型特征，开展 差别化考核，从根本上扭转"GDP竞赛"的旧模式，缓解"内卷化"发展矛盾。 李稻葵认为，新型城镇化实施的重点在于调动地方政府、县级政府动力。当前，要正视当前地方、县级 政府面临的"债务高悬"效应，避免在沉重还本付息压力之下，政府对城镇化、户籍改革和公共服务的投 入出现动作变形。在此背景下，可以合理利用国债这一现代化公共金融服务工具。 "未来，在合理评估中央政府金融净资产和国家信用空间的基础上，应通过增发国债置换部分地方政府 债务，缓释地方财 ...

Group 1 - The core task of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is to enhance domestic demand and promote economic growth, with new urbanization being a key driver for this initiative [1][2] - The proposal includes issuing "special bonds for new urbanization" to support infrastructure and public services in county-level cities, aiming to facilitate the integration of rural populations into modern economic life [1][2] - The plan emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to urbanization, focusing on county-level development and the equalization of basic public services [1][2] Group 2 - Local and county governments face significant debt pressures, which may hinder their investment in urbanization and public services; thus, utilizing national bonds to alleviate this pressure is suggested [2] - The establishment of specific, measurable KPIs for local governments is recommended to enhance accountability and motivate improvements in public service levels [2] - The development of counties is seen as crucial for urban-rural integration, with a focus on identifying and nurturing leading industries within these regions [3] Group 3 - The urbanization rate in China is projected to maintain around 0.7 percentage points during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, driven by the orderly integration of rural populations into urban settings [3]