Core Idea - The core idea of realism in creation is the pursuit of truth, which should go beyond merely representing the surface reality of social life. It requires a poet's perspective to seek the truth of characters' inner lives and an ethnographic approach to explore the cultural causes behind social life [1][2]. Group 1: Cultural Understanding and Exploration - The work of Nobel Prize-winning Hungarian author Laszlo exemplifies the importance of understanding cultural forms. He opposes a Eurocentric view of culture, advocating for the recognition of human culture as a collective memory of all ethnic groups [3][4]. - Laszlo's admiration for Chinese culture is evident in his appreciation for Laozi's "Tao Te Ching" and the "Book of Songs" compiled by Confucius, which he believes opened the path for the diversification of Chinese literature [4]. - His exploration of the cultural context that produced the poet Li Bai involved visiting multiple cities in China, highlighting the significance of understanding the cultural environment that shapes individual character [4]. Group 2: Ethnographic Approach in Cultural Analysis - The example of American cultural anthropologist Clifford Geertz illustrates the importance of deep engagement in different cultures through fieldwork. His study of the cockfighting culture in Bali emphasizes that understanding social behavior requires interpreting the meanings of cultural symbols [5]. - The discussion emphasizes that in a globalized era, incorporating diverse perspectives in realism can enhance the exploration of cultural causes behind social phenomena and the inner truths of individuals [5]. Group 3: Innovations in Narrative Structure - Traditional narrative structures are characterized by linear time, causal logic, clear conflict, and a complete closure. The article discusses the potential for breaking these conventions to allow for more innovative storytelling [6][7]. - The concept of leaving open-ended interpretations, as seen in poetry and films like "Rashomon," encourages a broader understanding of narratives beyond strict cause-and-effect relationships [7]. - The call for a return to a combination of realism and classic narrative forms suggests that contemporary literature and art should draw from various innovative achievements to create significant works that resonate with the current era [7].