Core Viewpoint - The incidence of multiple myeloma in China is increasing, with approximately 35,000 to 40,000 new cases diagnosed annually, primarily affecting the elderly population. Early detection and standardized treatment can lead to "functional cure" for many patients [4][7]. Group 1: Disease Overview - Multiple myeloma is a malignant blood disorder predominantly found in older adults, with a rising incidence due to aging and increased routine health check-ups [4]. - The disease progresses through three stages: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), Smoldering Myeloma, and Active Myeloma, with symptoms often being non-specific and leading to misdiagnosis [5][6]. Group 2: Diagnosis and Early Detection - Approximately 60% to 70% of patients in large hospitals are misdiagnosed or undiagnosed at their first visit, highlighting the importance of early and accurate diagnosis [6]. - Regular health check-ups are crucial for early detection, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly, those with a family history, obesity, or exposure to toxic substances [6][9]. Group 3: Treatment Advances - The median survival for multiple myeloma patients has improved from 2-3 years to 8-10 years due to advancements in treatment and the introduction of new drugs [7]. - Bispecific antibodies have shown an overall efficacy rate of 60% to 70%, providing new treatment options for relapsed/refractory patients [8]. Group 4: Multidisciplinary Collaboration - The management of multiple myeloma is evolving towards a long-term chronic disease model, necessitating multidisciplinary collaboration to address the complex health needs of patients [9]. - Comprehensive treatment plans require cooperation between various specialties, such as hematology, nephrology, and orthopedics, to ensure individualized care [9].

Core Viewpoint - The research identifies the origin cells of multiple myeloma (MM) and develops a CAR-T cell therapy targeting FCRL5, demonstrating good safety and efficacy in treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients [3][9]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study utilized single-cell sequencing and genetic tracing analysis to investigate each developmental stage from hematopoietic stem cells to lymphoid lineage, identifying abnormal differentiation stages in multiple myeloma patients [5]. - The research team discovered that the long arm amplification of chromosome 1 (1q Amp) originates from a specific B cell subset, while the short arm deletion of chromosome 17 (17p Del) occurs at the plasma cell stage [6]. - 1q Amp is present in the CD24- FCRL5+ B cell subset, enhancing B cell proliferation and promoting plasma cell differentiation, which initiates the transformation of B cells into malignant plasma cells [6]. Group 2: Implications for Treatment - The findings establish genetic events associated with the initiation and malignant transformation of multiple myeloma in the B cell lineage, laying the groundwork for potential treatment strategies targeting multiple myeloma initiating cells (MIC) and their driver oncogenes in RRMM patients [11].