Core Viewpoint - The launch of GLM-4.5 by Zhipu AI represents a significant advancement in large language models (LLMs), emphasizing efficiency and multi-capability integration rather than merely increasing parameter size [10]. Group 1: Model Development and Technical Innovations - The GLM series has evolved from GLM-1 to GLM-4.5 over four years, with each iteration focusing on optimizing the Transformer architecture and enhancing parameter efficiency [2][4]. - GLM-4.5 features a total of 355 billion parameters, with 32 billion being active parameters, resulting in an active parameter ratio of approximately 9% [5]. - The model employs a dual-layer training data structure, consisting of 15 trillion tokens of general text and 8 trillion tokens of vertical domain data, with specific training goals for different tasks [7]. Group 2: Competitive Landscape and Market Position - Zhipu AI is one of the first companies in China to promote open-source large models, building a substantial developer community since the release of GLM-2 in 2023 [8]. - The competitive landscape is shifting from merely increasing parameter size to focusing on system efficiency and ecological vitality, setting new standards for performance evaluation in the industry [10]. Group 3: Architectural Choices and Collaboration - GLM-4.5's architecture allows for the integration of reasoning, coding, and agent capabilities, overcoming challenges related to module collaboration and parameter sharing [8][10]. - The company has demonstrated patience in optimizing its architecture, which is relatively rare in an industry that often prioritizes short-term returns [9].