Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the historical significance and engineering marvel of the Dujiangyan irrigation system, showcasing ancient wisdom in water resource management and its relevance to modern ecological balance [1][3]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Dujiangyan project was initiated in 256 BC by Li Bing, addressing the challenge of water management in the region, which has since transformed the landscape and agricultural productivity of the Chengdu Plain [3]. - The construction techniques employed, such as dam-free water diversion and mountain channeling, reflect a deep understanding of natural forces, embodying the philosophy of harmony between humans and nature [5]. Group 2: Engineering Techniques - Key engineering features include the Baopingkou, which effectively splits water flow, and the Yuzui, which manages sediment, demonstrating a sophisticated grasp of hydrodynamics without modern materials [5]. - The use of natural elements and the principles of thermal expansion and contraction in rock manipulation highlight the innovative approaches of ancient engineers [5]. Group 3: Impact on Society - The introduction of water-powered machinery, such as water mills and iron smelting devices, marked a significant shift from manual labor to water-driven production, enhancing agricultural and industrial efficiency [7]. - The ancient methods of water management have inspired contemporary practices, emphasizing ecological balance and sustainable resource use, as seen in modern initiatives by companies like Moutai [9].