Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need to focus on the intensity of government spending expansion and the optimization of its structure to achieve the goal of expanding total demand [2][3] - Government spending is increasingly recognized as an endogenous factor in economic cycles, highlighting issues such as idle funds and rising future payment obligations [3][6] - The suggestion is to shift the focus of investment and consumption policies from project-based to human-centered approaches, addressing the significant demand arising from urbanization and social transformation [3][4] Group 2 - The process of urbanization is linked to rural reforms, particularly in enhancing the valuation and tradability of farmers' property rights, reflecting the need for comprehensive rural development [4][5] - The central-local fiscal relationship is crucial, with current macroeconomic policies heavily relying on local government finances, which affects the overall effectiveness of fiscal policies [6] - Recent fiscal data shows a significant disparity in spending growth rates, with central government spending increasing by 9% while local spending only grew by 3.9%, indicating challenges in local expenditure expansion [6]