Core Concept - The article emphasizes the importance of the "Big Agriculture" concept as a guiding worldview and methodology for modern agricultural development, highlighting its role in enhancing agricultural efficiency, rural vitality, and farmers' income [1][2]. Agricultural Development Concept Innovation - "Big Agriculture" contrasts with the traditional "Small Agriculture" concept, which is limited to small-scale farming and often disconnected from other industries. The historical small-scale farming model has led to inefficiencies and sustainability issues in agricultural development [1][2]. Adaptation to Modernization - The transition from "Small Agriculture" to "Big Agriculture" reflects the evolving understanding of agricultural development needs, with significant milestones in policy discussions since the 1990s [2]. Resource Perspective - "Big Agriculture" broadens the scope of agricultural resources beyond just arable land to include forests, grasslands, water bodies, and various biological resources, emphasizing a holistic approach to resource management [3]. Integrated Development - The concept promotes an integrated development model that encompasses the entire agricultural value chain, from production to processing, transportation, and consumption, thereby enhancing resilience and competitiveness [3][4]. Multifunctionality and Systematic Thinking - "Big Agriculture" recognizes the multifaceted roles of agriculture, including economic, social, ecological, and cultural functions, advocating for a systematic approach to agricultural development [4]. Green Development - The article stresses the need for sustainable practices in agriculture, promoting ecological, organic, and low-carbon farming methods to mitigate negative environmental impacts [4]. Diverse Pathways for Implementation - The implementation of "Big Agriculture" requires breaking traditional boundaries and emphasizing multi-functional, open, and integrated development, focusing on the synergy between different agricultural sectors [6]. Resource Utilization - Given the limited arable land in China, the article advocates for the comprehensive utilization of various agricultural resources, including non-traditional land types, to meet diverse agricultural demands [7]. Modern Agricultural Industry System - The development of a modern agricultural industry system is essential, with a focus on enhancing the entire agricultural value chain and promoting digital transformation [8]. Community Development - The article highlights the importance of integrating small farmers into the modern agricultural system, creating a community of shared interests and responsibilities [9]. Regional Adaptation - The development of modern agriculture should be tailored to regional characteristics, promoting large-scale agriculture in areas with sufficient land while supporting moderate-scale operations in regions with limited arable land [10][11]. Urban Agriculture - The article discusses the potential for developing modern urban agriculture in large cities, integrating agricultural functions with urban living and ecological considerations [11]. Specialty Agriculture - The promotion of specialty agriculture, leveraging unique regional resources, is seen as a promising avenue for modern agricultural development [12].