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欧洲的职业教育体系,为何成为培育汽车工匠的摇篮?
Zhong Guo Qi Che Bao Wang· 2025-09-02 02:39
Core Insights - The European vocational education system transcends the traditional view of merely training skilled workers, contributing significantly to the automotive industry by producing both skilled craftsmen and high-level executives [3][4][9] - Germany's dual education system is characterized by a close integration of theoretical learning and practical training, with students spending 3-4 days in companies and 1-2 days in vocational schools [4][5] - Switzerland's unique "triple system" emphasizes lifelong learning and offers a comprehensive training network, with about 75% of youth opting for vocational training [6][9] Group 1: Vocational Education System - The German dual system is likened to a well-oiled machine, effectively linking schools and companies to continuously supply skilled professionals to the automotive sector [4][5] - Companies in Germany invest heavily in vocational training, covering 70% of training costs, and providing students with monthly stipends of approximately €1,000 [5][8] - The Swiss vocational education system includes rigorous assessments leading to federal vocational qualifications, which serve as a gateway to quality job opportunities [6][9] Group 2: Industry Demand and Alignment - European vocational education adheres to the principle that "profession equals expertise," with German vocational schools offering specialized modules that cover all aspects of automotive repair [7][10] - Automotive technicians in Germany can earn monthly salaries ranging from €4,000 to €6,000, challenging traditional perceptions of blue-collar income [7][10] - Major automotive companies allocate 1.5% of their revenue to vocational education, fostering a symbiotic relationship between talent development and industry needs [8][10] Group 3: Implications for Future Development - The current automotive industry is at a pivotal moment, necessitating a restructured relationship between educational institutions and companies to cultivate skilled craftsmen [9][11] - Establishing a "skills pyramid" certification system and a national grading system for automotive craftsmen is essential for enhancing their income and career progression [10][11] - The success of the European vocational education model is attributed to a highly coordinated ecosystem of education, industry, and society, which is crucial for the sustainable development of the automotive sector [11]