此前研究发现，月球正面和背面在地形地貌、元素分布和岩石特征等方面均存在巨大差异。如正面相对 平坦开阔，背面布满沟壑、峡谷和悬崖，地形起伏也更大；月球正面有较多月海，这是由早期火山活动 形成的平坦的玄武岩区域，占据月球正面30%以上，而月球背面只有约1%至2%的月海；月球正面相对 富含放射性元素，而背面相对亏损等。 嫦娥六号月球样品最新研究揭示"广寒宫"温度密码 中新社北京10月6日电 题：嫦娥六号月球样品最新研究揭示"广寒宫"温度密码 中新社记者 马帅莎 10月6日，中秋节当天，中国官方发布一项嫦娥六号月背样品最新研究成果。中国科学家首次基于嫦娥 六号月球背面样品(月壤)研究发现，月球背面月幔相比月球正面更"冷"。 从月球正面到背面 联合研究团队表示，科学家们将月球正面和背面的差异性称为"二分性"现象，将其列为探索月球奥秘的 最为关键的科学问题之一，并认为这可能与月球的形成与演化历史密切相关。 联合研究团队表示，团队利用权威样品和遥感数据，采用玄武岩结晶温度和月幔潜能温度等多种方式， 构建起多条证据链，为月球正背面的月幔温度差异提供了岩石学与地球化学等科学依据，为月球演化 和"二分性"特征研究提供关键科学数据 ...

Core Findings - The Chang'e 6 lunar sample has revealed new insights into the "ultra-reduced" state of the lunar mantle, enhancing understanding of the moon's internal composition and formation [1][5] - The lunar mantle, which is over 1000 kilometers thick and constitutes more than half of the moon's volume, is a key source of magma activity and volcanic eruptions, influencing lunar evolution [3] Research Insights - The lunar mantle from the Chang'e 6 landing site is found to be drier, poorer, and more reduced compared to the lunar mantle on the moon's front side, indicating a lack of oxidation or a subsequent reduction possibly due to large impact events [5][7] - Differences in basalt distribution, geological features, chemical composition, and crust thickness between the moon's front and back sides are significant, with ongoing research into the oxidation-reduction states of the lunar mantle [5][7] Sample Distribution and Research Applications - A total of 125.42 grams of lunar research samples have been distributed in nine batches, including samples requested by seven institutions from six other countries [8][9] - The application process for lunar samples involves a strict online submission and expert review system, with an average processing time of about five months from application to sample distribution [11][13] - Research focus has shifted from traditional geological analysis to engineering applications, including in-situ resource utilization and lunar soil brick production, with numerous engineering institutions now involved in lunar sample research [13]