我国已发放九批共125.42克月球科研样品 央视网消息：来自国家航天局探月与航天工程中心的消息，近日，嫦娥六号月球样品有了新发现。中国科学家通过对嫦娥六号从月球背面 采集的玄武岩样品研究，揭示了月幔的"超还原"状态。这一发现进一步深化了人类对月球内部组成的认识，也为理解月球的形成与演化提供了 新的线索。 月球内部由月壳、月幔和月核组成，月幔介于月壳和月核之间，厚度1000多千米，占月球体积一半以上，是月球岩浆活动和火山喷发的物 质来源，影响着月球的演化。 "超还原月幔"是指月幔处于一种非常还原的状态，也就是其中的元素倾向于以较低的价态存在，这意味着这些月幔物质更加原始，或者遭 受了大型撞击导致了还原过程。 近日，中国科学家发布在国际学术期刊《自然通讯》的研究成果显示，嫦娥六号着陆区深处的月幔不仅比月球正面的月幔更"干"、更"贫 瘠"，而且更"还原"。专家介绍，月幔没有被氧化过，或者有可能是后来被变得更还原，有可能是大型的事件造成，行星的氧化还原状态是理 解行星内部过程以及行星表面宜居性的关键指标。 月球正面和背面有明显区别，玄武岩分布、地貌特征、化学成分和月壳厚度等都有非常大的不同。据介绍，月球正面和背面月幔 ...

来源：央视新闻客户端 近日，嫦娥六号月球样品有了新发现。中国科学家通过对嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的玄武岩样品研究， 揭示了月幔的"超还原"状态。这一发现进一步深化了人类对月球内部组成的认识，也为理解月球的形成 与演化提供了新的线索。 研究表明嫦娥六号玄武岩 起源于超还原月幔 月球内部由月壳、月幔和月核组成，月幔介于月壳和月核之间，厚度1000多千米，占月球体积一半以 上，是月球岩浆活动和火山喷发的物质来源，影响着月球的演化。 "超还原月幔"是指月幔处于一种非常还原的状态，也就是其中的元素倾向于以较低的价态存在，这意味 着这些月幔物质更加原始，或者遭受了大型撞击导致了还原过程。 近日，中国科学家发布在国际学术期刊《自然通讯》的研究成果显示，嫦娥六号着陆区深处的月幔不仅 比月球正面的月幔更"干"、更"贫瘠"，而且更"还原"。 共125.42克月球科研样品 截至目前，国家航天局已陆续发放九批月球科研样品，共125.42克，其中包括其他6个国家的7家机构申 请的嫦娥五号月球样品2.18克。国内外科学家根据嫦娥五号、嫦娥六号月球样品已发布研究成果超150 个。 月球科研样品申请采取"线上提交+专家评审"的严格流程。公众可 ...

Core Insights - The recent research conducted by Chinese scientific teams utilizing samples from the Chang'e 6 mission has unveiled significant findings about the Moon's far side, challenging previous understandings of its geological history and composition [2][10]. Group 1: Research Findings - Four groundbreaking research results were published in the journal "Nature," revealing insights into lunar magma activity, ancient magnetic fields, water content in the lunar mantle, and mantle evolution characteristics [2]. - The lunar far side exhibits stark differences from the near side, characterized by a thicker crust and a lack of lunar seas, which has led to various theories regarding its formation [3][4]. - The Chang'e 6 mission collected samples from the South Pole-Aitken Basin, the largest and oldest impact site on the Moon, providing a unique opportunity to study the differences in material composition between the Moon's near and far sides [5]. Group 2: Water Content and Magma Activity - The research indicates that the lunar mantle on the far side is extremely dry, with water content measured at only 1 to 1.5 micrograms per gram, the lowest reported value, suggesting a significant difference from the near side [8][9]. - The study of basaltic rock fragments from the Chang'e 6 samples revealed volcanic activity on the far side dating back 2.8 billion years, with magma originating from a depleted source rich in potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus [9]. Group 3: Magnetic Field Insights - Analysis of the samples has provided information about the Moon's magnetic field approximately 2.8 billion years ago, indicating a rebound in magnetic activity contrary to previous beliefs that it had been in a low-energy state since around 3.1 billion years ago [12]. - The findings suggest that the Moon once had a magnetic field generator similar to Earth's, which may have undergone changes in its energy sources or driving mechanisms [11][12].

来源：光明网-《光明日报》 【短评】 一年来，中国科学家们已经利用嫦娥六号月球样品取得许多科学突破。例如，揭秘样品的物理、矿物和 地球化学基本特征；提出月球岩浆活动是月壳厚度以及源区物质组成共同作用的结果，为月海玄武岩分 布的"二分性"提供了全新认识；首次精确测定南极-艾特肯盆地形成于42.5亿年前，让人类在了解太阳系 早期大型撞击历史方面有了更精确的"宇宙时钟"标尺…… "我们希望能够尽快建立月球研究的中国学派！"中国科学院院士吴福元说，"来自月球背面的样本，让 我们看到了一个'不一样'的月球。我相信，我们中国科学家一定能在月球研究上作出原创性、突破性贡 献！" 不止月球研究。中国科学院国家天文台研究员李春来认为，随着中国探月工程稳稳的"三步走"，随着更 多"一手数据"获取，中国行星科学也将从"跟跑"迈向"并跑"，甚至在某些领域实现引领，为丰富人类知 识宝库特别是加深对宇宙的认识，作出中国贡献！ 《光明日报》（2025年07月10日 08版） 听着这样的评价，怎能不让人有扬眉吐气之感！ 在中国探月工程实施之前，我国月球研究总体而言处于"跟随"位置。原因很好理解，"巧妇难为无米之 炊"——在中国探月计划实施之 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research progress from China's Chang'e 6 lunar mission has unveiled significant findings about the Moon's far side, marking a milestone in lunar and planetary science [2][4]. Group 1: Research Achievements - Four groundbreaking research results have been published, revealing the history of volcanic activity, ancient magnetic fields, water content in the mantle, and mantle evolution characteristics of the Moon's far side [2][4]. - The studies indicate that the far side of the Moon experienced two distinct phases of basaltic volcanic activity approximately 4.2 billion and 2.8 billion years ago, suggesting sustained volcanic activity [5]. - The research also uncovered ancient magnetic field information, indicating fluctuations in the Moon's magnetic field strength around 2.8 billion years ago, challenging previous assumptions of a monotonous decline [5]. - The water content in the far side's mantle was found to be significantly lower than that of the near side, indicating a dichotomy in the Moon's internal water distribution [5]. - The basalt samples from the far side were identified as originating from a highly depleted source region, suggesting that large impact events may have significantly influenced the Moon's deep-layer evolution [5][7]. Group 2: Collaborative Efforts and Future Directions - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has coordinated efforts among various research institutions to maximize the scientific output from the Chang'e 6 samples, demonstrating a strong commitment to advancing space science [4][9]. - The findings from the Chang'e 6 mission are expected to enhance understanding of lunar evolution theories and promote deeper integration of academia and industry in space science [4][9]. - The research on the South Pole-Aitken basin, one of the Moon's largest impact craters, has provided new insights into the effects of large impacts on lunar evolution, marking a significant contribution to the field [7][9].

Core Viewpoint - The Chang'e 6 mission has successfully returned samples from the Moon's far side, revealing significant insights into the South Pole-Aitken basin and its impact on lunar evolution [2][3][5]. Group 1: Chang'e 6 Mission Achievements - The Chang'e 6 mission achieved the world's first lunar far side sample return, bringing back 1935.3 grams of samples [2]. - The Chinese Academy of Sciences published four major research findings in the journal "Nature," systematically revealing the effects of the South Pole-Aitken impact [2][3]. Group 2: Geological Insights - The South Pole-Aitken basin is identified as the largest and oldest impact feature on the Moon, formed by a massive collision approximately 4.25 billion years ago [6]. - The research indicates that volcanic activity occurred on the Moon's far side around 4 billion and 2.8 billion years ago, lasting at least 1.4 billion years [6]. Group 3: New Discoveries - A new type of rock, termed South Pole-Aitken basin impact lava, was discovered, providing new insights into the Moon's formation and evolution [6]. - The study revealed that the Moon's far side has a significantly lower water content in the mantle compared to the near side, indicating a "bipartite" distribution of water within the Moon [6][7]. Group 4: Understanding Lunar Dichotomy - The concept of "ultra-depleted mantle" was introduced, suggesting that the far side's mantle is extremely poor in incompatible elements like potassium and rare earth elements [7][9]. - The formation of the "ultra-depleted mantle" may be linked to the initial differentiation of the magma ocean and subsequent volcanic activity that altered the shallow mantle region [7][9].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Academy of Sciences held a press conference to announce the latest progress in the research of lunar samples from the Chang'e 6 mission, revealing significant findings about the Moon's evolution and geological history [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The research has uncovered insights into lunar back surface volcanic activity, ancient lunar magnetic fields, water content in the lunar mantle, and characteristics of mantle evolution [1] - Four research results were published as cover articles in the international academic journal "Nature" on July 9 [1]

Core Viewpoint - The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has approved international applications for lunar samples from the Chang'e 5 mission, allowing seven institutions from six countries, including two U.S. universities, to borrow these samples. However, U.S. researchers face restrictions due to the "Wolf Amendment," which prohibits NASA funding for projects involving Chinese lunar samples [1][6][7]. Group 1: International Collaboration - The approved institutions include the University of Brown and Stony Brook University, both receiving NASA funding, but they cannot use these funds for research on the Chinese samples due to the "Wolf Amendment" [1][6]. - Timothy Glotch from Stony Brook University expressed gratitude for funding from his institution to collaborate with Chinese scientists, indicating a willingness to analyze the samples despite the restrictions [3][4]. - CNSA Administrator Zhang Zhongde emphasized the importance of sharing lunar research for the benefit of humanity, stating that the Chang'e program is open to international collaboration [6][8]. Group 2: Research Objectives - Glotch aims to compare the properties of lunar soil and rock samples with those from the Apollo program, focusing on thermal properties and magnetic characteristics to understand the geological history of the Moon [4][6]. - The research will involve examining ultra-thin rock slices under high magnification to uncover clues about the origin and composition of the rocks, contributing to a better understanding of lunar geology [4][6]. Group 3: U.S.-China Relations in Space - The "Wolf Amendment" has hindered U.S. scientists' access to Chinese lunar samples and vice versa, with Chinese scientists facing difficulties in obtaining Apollo samples from NASA [4][7]. - There have been ongoing discussions between U.S. and Chinese space officials regarding the sharing of lunar samples, but U.S. institutions still face significant domestic obstacles to receiving the samples [7][8]. - Wu Weiren, a prominent figure in China's lunar exploration program, criticized the U.S. for its isolationist policies and expressed a desire for more open communication and collaboration in space exploration [8].

Group 1 - The core finding of the research indicates that the water content in the lunar mantle on the far side of the moon is less than 2 micrograms per gram, suggesting it is very "dry" [1][3] - This study provides significant support for further research on the origin and evolution of the moon, with the related paper published in the international journal "Nature" [1][3] - The research team utilized basalt fragments from the Chang'e 6 lunar samples to study the water content in the mantle source area, revealing a water content of only 1 to 1.5 micrograms per gram, the lowest reported value, indicating that the far side mantle is drier than the near side [3] Group 2 - The lunar mantle, located between the lunar crust and core, is situated approximately 60 kilometers to 1000 kilometers below the moon's surface, and its water content is crucial for understanding the moon's origin, magmatic activity, and resource environmental effects [3] - The study addresses a long-standing debate in academia regarding whether the lunar mantle is water-rich or water-poor, stemming from the hypothesis that the moon formed from debris after a Mars-sized body collided with the early Earth about 4.5 billion years ago [3] - The Chang'e 6 mission collected the first samples from the far side of the moon, providing a unique opportunity to explore the temporal and spatial evolution of water in the lunar mantle [3]