Core Viewpoint - The construction of airports in small and medium-sized cities in China is driven by the desire to enhance local economic development, improve transportation accessibility, and attract tourism, despite the financial challenges and operational losses faced by many of these airports [2][12][21]. Summary by Relevant Sections Airport Construction in Small Cities - The recent inauguration of Lishui Airport highlights the long-awaited connectivity for local residents, emphasizing the importance of such infrastructure in enhancing accessibility and promoting tourism [2]. - As of 2024, 263 transport airports are operational in China, with 81% located in small and medium-sized cities, where 84% of these airports handle fewer than 2 million passengers annually [3][4]. Economic Impact and Justification - Experts suggest that airport construction can significantly boost local GDP and tax revenues, particularly in economically underdeveloped regions, with airport cities experiencing GDP growth rates approximately 1-3 percentage points higher than the national average [12][14]. - Airports serve as critical infrastructure, improving transportation conditions and generating substantial economic multipliers, with every 1 yuan invested yielding 8 yuan in output [13]. Financial Viability and Challenges - Despite the potential benefits, many small airports operate at a loss, with 78.7% of them reported to be unprofitable, primarily relying on government subsidies to cover operational costs [14][15]. - The average initial investment for a small airport ranges from 1.2 billion to 1.5 billion yuan, with annual depreciation costs exceeding 50 million yuan, making profitability challenging in the short term [14]. Role of Government Support - Government subsidies are crucial for the survival of small airports, with the Civil Aviation Administration of China allocating significant funds for operational support, including a projected 2.405 billion yuan in subsidies for 2025 [17]. - The focus on enhancing non-aeronautical revenue streams, such as commercial activities within airports, is essential for improving financial sustainability [18]. Integration with Transportation Networks - Successful examples, such as the integration of airports with high-speed rail networks, demonstrate the potential for expanding passenger bases and enhancing operational efficiency [19]. - The development of coordinated transportation systems can significantly improve the viability of small airports by increasing their catchment areas and reducing operational costs [18]. Conclusion - The ongoing trend of airport construction in small cities reflects a broader strategy to stimulate local economies and improve connectivity, necessitating a focus on operational efficiency and integration with existing transportation networks to ensure long-term sustainability [20][21].