Core Viewpoint - Spain is establishing a nationwide network of climate shelters by next summer to address the increasing severity of extreme heat waves, as announced by Prime Minister Sanchez during a climate conference in Madrid [1]. Group 1: Climate Shelter Network - The climate shelter network will primarily utilize buildings from central administrative institutions and will be open to the public [1]. - The central government will provide funding support for regions most affected by extreme heat, particularly those in dire need of shelters [1]. - Barcelona has already initiated the establishment of climate shelters in public buildings equipped with air conditioning, such as libraries and schools [1]. Group 2: Extreme Weather Impact - Spain experienced a record-breaking summer this year, with an average temperature of 24.2°C from June to August, surpassing the previous record of 24.1°C set in 2022 [3]. - The extreme heat has resulted in significant public health threats, with 3,832 heat-related deaths reported from May 16 to September 30, marking an 87.6% increase compared to the same period in 2024 [3]. - The Spanish Meteorological Agency issued nationwide heat alerts starting August 3, with temperatures exceeding 40°C in several central and southern cities, reaching as high as 42°C in some areas [3]. Group 3: Public Health Concerns - Health experts indicate that prolonged high temperatures not only cause discomfort but also increase the risk of serious cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks [3]. - Establishing accessible public cooling spaces is crucial for protecting vulnerable populations and reducing mortality rates associated with extreme heat [3]. - Local measures have been implemented in various regions, such as Madrid transforming cultural venues into "urban oases" that combine cooling and cultural activities for residents [3].