Core Viewpoint - The Shenyang Health Commission has initiated a unified patriotic health campaign to combat the rising density of mosquitoes and flies due to high temperatures and increased rainfall, aiming to prevent vector-borne diseases and ensure public health [1] Group 1: Health Initiatives - The campaign will include three rounds of mosquito and fly extermination activities from now until the end of August, followed by rodent control starting in early September [1] - The focus is on controlling diseases such as dengue fever, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever through targeted extermination efforts [1] Group 2: Community Engagement - The Health Commission emphasizes the need for multi-form, high-frequency, and comprehensive supervision of extermination activities across various sectors and communities [1] - Citizens are encouraged to participate actively by cleaning up potential breeding sites for mosquitoes, such as plant pots and containers that can hold water, to reduce mosquito larvae [1]

8月1日，自治区卫生健康委召开"时令、时事与健康"新闻发布会，分析近期重点传染病等健康风 险，介绍广西应对当前重点传染病防控工作开展情况，提醒公众肠道、蚊媒传染病等已进入流行季，同 时须特别关注洪涝灾害后的健康防护问题。 当前正处在"七下八上"防汛关键期，洪涝灾害发生后食品和饮水安全保障难度加大，灾区人群接触 疫水及变质食物的风险上升，需要防范因水源污染引发的伤寒、甲肝，以及其他感染性腹泻病等肠道传 染病，同时还要防范流行性出血热等自然疫源性疾病的发生，自身健康防护要做好"三管一灭"：管好水 源，喝烧开过的水；管好食物，不吃水淹、变质食品；管好粪便，避免污染环境；清除积水、堵塞鼠 洞，消灭蚊子、苍蝇、蟑螂、老鼠。 为科学有效应对当前流行传染病及高温等健康风险，目前广西加强了监测预警与风险评估，坚 持"日监测、周评估、月调度"机制，对蚊媒传染病、夏季重点传染病等开展专题风险评估。同时，强化 技术培训与应急处置，提升跨境传染病防控效能，卫健与气象部门联合发布高温健康风险提示，形 成"气象预警＋健康干预"的协作模式，帮助群众科学做好防暑降温，为应对高温天气下的公共健康风险 提供保障。（关海芳） 自治区卫生健康委副主 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent outbreak of Chikungunya fever in Foshan, Guangdong, has led to a significant number of reported cases, prompting local health authorities to take action for disease control [1] Summary by Relevant Categories Outbreak Details - As of July 19, Foshan has reported a total of 1,873 confirmed cases of Chikungunya fever [1] - The majority of cases are concentrated in Shunde District with 1,790 cases, particularly in Lecong, Beijiao, and Chen Village [1] - Other affected areas include Zen District with 49 cases, mainly in Shiwanzhen, Zhumiao, and Zhangcha Street, and Nanhai District with 34 cases, primarily in Guicheng Street [1] Health Impact - All reported cases are classified as mild, with no severe cases or fatalities recorded [1] - A total of 720 individuals have recovered from the illness [1]

Group 1 - The provincial health system is implementing comprehensive measures to ensure a safe and healthy environment for the college entrance examination, including improving the medical emergency system and enhancing public health security [1] - A provincial medical guarantee leadership group has been established to create emergency plans and select nearby hospitals as designated medical support facilities during the examination period [1] - Medical personnel have been organized into support teams, equipped with necessary emergency medications and equipment, and ambulances will be stationed at key locations to ensure timely medical assistance [1] Group 2 - The health system is also focusing on the psychological well-being of students by providing 24-hour psychological support hotlines and free psychological assessments during the examination period [2] - The provincial meteorological bureau has forecasted high temperatures ranging from 30°C to 36°C during the examination days, prompting health authorities to advise students on maintaining hydration and appropriate clothing [2] - Students are warned to be vigilant for symptoms of heat-related illnesses and to seek immediate medical attention if they experience discomfort during the examination [2]

Core Insights - The smoking rate among adults aged 15 and above in Beijing has decreased to 19.2% in 2025, down 0.7 percentage points from 19.9% in 2023 [1][2][3] - The implementation of the Beijing Smoking Control Regulation over the past decade has led to significant health benefits, preventing 56,554 cases of acute myocardial infarction, 422,355 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 2,398 cases of pediatric asthma hospitalizations [1][3] Group 1: Smoking Rate and Trends - The adult smoking rate in Beijing has shown a steady decline, with a current rate of 19.2% for those aged 15 and above [1] - The adult smoking cessation rate has nearly doubled, with 28.3% of current and former smokers aged 15 and above in a state of cessation, compared to 14.9% in 2014 [2] Group 2: Secondhand Smoke Exposure - The exposure rate to secondhand smoke in indoor workplaces has decreased to 16.7%, down from 35.7% prior to the regulation [2] - Bars and restaurants remain the highest for secondhand smoke exposure, with rates of 54.0% and 30.2% respectively, both showing significant declines from 89.5% and 65.7% before the regulation [2] Group 3: Health Impact of Smoking Regulations - Since the implementation of the smoking control regulation in 2015, the hospitalization rates for acute myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have shown a downward trend, with annual decreases of 2.6% and 8.8% respectively [3] - For individuals aged 65 and above, the hospitalization rate for acute myocardial infarction dropped by 5.6% and for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by 34.7% immediately following the regulation's implementation [3]

Core Points - The World Health Organization (WHO) is at a critical turning point due to severe financial shortfalls and structural challenges, necessitating increased unity and support from member states [1] - Despite member states' commitment in 2022 to raise their contributions to 50% of the total budget, the WHO currently faces a salary shortfall exceeding $500 million due to cuts from key donor countries, particularly the United States [1] - The WHO has proactively reduced its budget target to $4.2 billion, which is 21% lower than the initial proposal, yet there remains a significant funding gap of up to $1.7 billion despite confirmed funding of $2.6 billion [1]

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The report emphasizes the significant negative health impacts of air pollution, detailing how pollutants enter the human body and affect various organs, leading to both short-term and long-term health consequences [5][6][29]. - It highlights the importance of understanding the epidemiological and toxicological evidence surrounding air pollution and its health effects, which is crucial for developing effective public health strategies [11][88][98]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Adverse Health Effects of Air Pollution - Air pollution has been linked to various health issues, including acute and chronic diseases, with epidemiological studies providing strong evidence of its impact on mortality rates [15][16][25]. - The definition of adverse health effects has evolved to include not only respiratory outcomes but also cardiovascular diseases and other systemic impacts [22][25][26]. Section 2: From Exposure to Disease - The report discusses the continuum between exposure to air pollution and the onset of health issues, emphasizing that there is no threshold below which no negative effects are observed [41][46]. - It outlines the pathways through which pollutants enter the body, primarily through inhalation, and the factors influencing the dose received [50][54]. Section 3: Building Scientific Evidence - Epidemiological studies are categorized into cohort studies for long-term exposure and time-series analyses for short-term exposure, both of which have been instrumental in linking air pollution to health outcomes [87][89]. - Toxicological studies are highlighted as essential for understanding the physiological effects of pollutants, allowing for the assessment of individual and combined effects of various air contaminants [98][100].

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report emphasizes the increasing global concern regarding air pollution and its significant health impacts, particularly on non-communicable diseases and the overall disease burden [5][6][50] - It highlights the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in developing air quality guidelines and the importance of addressing air pollution as a public health issue [50][54] Summary by Sections Historical Context of Air Pollution - The report discusses the historical events of air pollution, including the London smog of 1952, which resulted in thousands of deaths and led to significant legislative changes [24][25] - It notes that air pollution has been a concern since ancient times, with increasing intensity during the Industrial Revolution [16][24] Classic Air Pollutants and Their Sources - The report identifies key air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3), and discusses their sources such as transportation, industrial activities, and residential fuel use [62][73] - It categorizes pollutants into primary and secondary pollutants based on their origins and formation processes [82][83] Health Impacts of Air Pollution - The report outlines the health effects of air pollution, linking it to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory issues, and overall mortality [5][6][94] - It emphasizes the need for improved public awareness and political will to combat air pollution [44] WHO's Role and Guidelines - The report details the WHO's efforts in establishing air quality guidelines, which are based on extensive scientific evidence regarding the health impacts of air pollution [50][54] - It mentions the updates to the WHO air quality guidelines in 2021, which set lower recommended levels for pollutants compared to previous guidelines [55][56] Data Sources for Air Quality - The report introduces two key databases for air quality data: the WHO Air Quality Database and OpenAQ, highlighting their roles in providing verified and real-time air quality information [57][58]