Core Viewpoint - The integration of supercomputing performance breakthroughs with artificial intelligence is transforming global weather forecasting from unpredictability to predictability [2][3]. Group 1: Event Overview - The 8th GAIR Global Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Conference commenced in Shenzhen, focusing on the intersection of AI and industry [3]. - The conference featured a keynote by Professor Fu Haohuan, discussing the application of supercomputing in Earth system modeling and the challenges faced [3][4]. Group 2: Supercomputing in Earth System Modeling - Recent advancements in domestic supercomputing systems, such as Sunway, have significantly improved the spatial and temporal resolution of Earth system models, achieving daily global climate simulations at a one-kilometer level [4]. - The goal is to develop a high-precision weather forecasting system for the Greater Bay Area with a resolution of 100 meters, leveraging supercomputing and AI [4][8]. Group 3: Challenges in Supercomputing - The exponential growth in computational demand due to increased model complexity and the need for higher spatial resolution presents significant challenges [12][14]. - Integrating vast amounts of observational data from thousands of satellites into models is a critical area where AI can play a significant role [14]. Group 4: Development of Domestic Supercomputers - The Sunway series of supercomputers, particularly the Sunway TaihuLight, has achieved world-leading performance with a peak capability exceeding 100 Pflops and a parallel scale of 10 million cores [18][21]. - The development of over 200 scalable applications on the Sunway architecture demonstrates the potential of domestic supercomputers in scientific computing [21][22]. Group 5: Future Directions - The upcoming Shenzhen Supercomputing Phase II aims to enhance computational efficiency significantly, with expected double-precision performance reaching 2 ExaFLOPS [76][79]. - The integration of traditional supercomputing with AI supercomputing is anticipated to create new applications and improve weather forecasting capabilities [76][84].

新华社巴西贝伦11月20日电（记者张晓茹 吴昊）在20日于巴西贝伦举行的新闻发布会上，联合国秘书 长古特雷斯敦促各方在气候谈判中本着诚意协商，展现出取得成果的意愿和灵活性，以达成一项令人满 意的方案。 ...