这一成果解决了掺杂量与离子传输效率难以兼顾的长期难题，为开发低成本、低温SOFC提供了新路 径。研究人员表示，这一原理不仅适用于燃料电池，还可推广到低温电解器、氢气泵以及将二氧化碳转 化为有价值化学品的反应器等，有望为氢能普及和减碳带来更广泛影响。（张佳欣） 责任编辑：闫弘旭 研究团队最终发现，将高浓度的钪掺杂到锡酸钡和钛酸钡中，可在300℃条件下实现超过0.01S/cm的质 子电导率，这一数值与传统SOFC电解质在高温运行时的性能相当。 结构分析与分子动力学模拟显示，钪原子会将周围的氧原子连接成"ScO6高速通道"，使质子以极低的 迁移势垒快速通过。这条通道宽阔且振动柔和，避免了高掺杂氧化物中常见的质子陷阱。晶格动力学数 据还表明，锡酸钡和钛酸钡的结构比传统SOFC材料更"柔软"，可吸收更多钪，从而进一步提升质子传 输性能。 固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）因高效率和长寿命而备受关注，但其运行温度通常高达700—800℃，需 使用昂贵的耐高温材料，这制约了其广泛应用。据最新一期《自然·材料》杂志报道，日本九州大学研 究团队研制出可在300℃中温条件下高效运行的新型SOFC，有望推动低成本、低温SOFC的开发， ...

Core Insights - Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are gaining attention due to their high efficiency and long lifespan, but their high operating temperatures (700-800 degrees Celsius) require expensive high-temperature materials, limiting widespread application [1] - A research team from Kyushu University in Japan has developed a new type of SOFC that can operate efficiently at a medium temperature of 300 degrees Celsius, potentially accelerating the commercialization of low-cost, low-temperature SOFCs [1] Group 1 - SOFCs utilize ceramics as electrolytes, and lowering the operating temperature can reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs [1] - Previous research attempted to enhance proton transport speed through chemical doping, but this often led to lattice blockage, slowing proton movement [1] - The new study aims to find oxide crystals that can accommodate a large number of protons while allowing them to move freely [1] Group 2 - The research team discovered that high concentrations of scandium doped into barium tin oxide and barium titanate can achieve a proton conductivity of over 0.01 S/cm at 300 degrees Celsius, comparable to the performance of traditional SOFC electrolytes at high temperatures [1] - Structural analysis and molecular dynamics simulations show that scandium atoms connect surrounding oxygen atoms into "ScO6 high-speed channels," allowing protons to pass through with very low migration barriers [2] - The findings address the long-standing challenge of balancing doping levels with ionic transport efficiency, providing a new pathway for developing low-cost, low-temperature SOFCs [2] Group 3 - The principle discovered is not only applicable to fuel cells but can also be extended to low-temperature electrolyzers, hydrogen pumps, and reactors that convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals, potentially having a broader impact on hydrogen energy adoption and carbon reduction [2]