Core Viewpoint - Hydropower is deemed an essential option for addressing the intermittency challenges of renewable energy, with China playing a pivotal role in reshaping the global hydropower landscape through technological leadership and cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative [2][3]. Industry Role of Hydropower - Hydropower is critical for achieving decarbonization goals, as no country can establish a 100% clean grid without substantial hydropower support. It provides reliability, resilience, safety, and flexibility to the power grid, acting as a baseload power source and energy storage during periods of low wind and solar generation [3]. Current Trends in Hydropower Development - The international hydropower sector is experiencing a recovery, with approximately 20 gigawatts of conventional hydropower and 20 gigawatts of pumped storage capacity added annually, totaling 40 gigawatts. China is a major driver of this growth, alongside accelerated development in India, Europe, and Australia [4]. China's Achievements in Hydropower - Over the past two decades, China has become the core engine of global hydropower development, contributing two-thirds to three-quarters of new installations. The Belt and Road Initiative has facilitated hydropower cooperation projects that significantly accelerate energy transition in emerging markets like Africa, where hydropower installation growth is projected to be the second highest globally by 2024 [5]. Upgrading Aging Hydropower Infrastructure - Many hydropower plants built in the 20th century face aging equipment issues. However, through periodic maintenance and modernization, including turbine upgrades and digital enhancements, these plants can achieve long-term stable operation. There is significant potential for improving efficiency and capacity through technological upgrades [6]. Collaboration on Advanced Technologies - The industry is exploring cutting-edge technology applications through collaborations with the European Commission, industry consultants, and equipment manufacturers. Projects like "XFLEX HYDRO" focus on optimizing the synergy between hydropower and other renewable sources, while "ReHydro" aims to incorporate artificial intelligence for smart upgrades of hydropower stations [7].