李一博介绍，团队在高温期沿长江流域进行了大规模田间试验。他们将QT12导入到杂交稻品种"华占"中，显著提高了其结实率、单株 产量和稻米品质，在武汉、杭州和长沙的小区产量分别增加了49.1%、77.9%和31.2%，进一步验证了QT12在高温环境下的积极作用，为水 稻在高温环境下实现优质高产提供了全新的分子机制和育种策略。 12月19日，《科学》（Science）杂志在线发布了2025年度十大科学突破进展。华中农业大学的一项研究成果入选。该校水稻团队李一 博教授课题组发现一种让水稻"不怕热"的关键基因，并解析了其调控水稻耐高温的机制。 全球变暖背景下，极端高温事件频发，对粮食产量及品质带来严重影响。联合国政府间气候变化委员会预测，全球平均气温每升高 1℃，会导致主要粮食作物减产19.7%。至2040年，高温将使全球粮食减产30%至40%。而水稻是全球最重要的粮食作物之一，高温不仅会 导致水稻减产，还会增加水稻籽粒垩白，严重影响外观及口感。如何实现水稻在高温环境下稳产，培育抗高温新品种具有重大战略意义。 课题组历经10余年研究，突破传统温室筛选等方法不能反映真实环境的局限，从来自中国、菲律宾、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚 ...

Core Insights - A key gene named QT12 has been discovered by a research team led by Professor Li Yibo from Huazhong Agricultural University, which enables rice to withstand high temperatures, addressing a significant threat to food security due to climate change [1][2] - The research findings were published in the international journal "Cell" on April 30, 2023, highlighting the importance of developing heat-resistant rice varieties for stable yields in high-temperature environments [1] Group 1 - The research team conducted extensive genetic analysis and identified the QT12 gene, which interacts with the protein complex NF-Y to create a molecular "firewall" that protects rice grains from high temperatures [1] - The study demonstrated that QT12 helps maintain the stability of protein and starch synthesis during high-temperature conditions, ensuring the quality and yield of rice [1] Group 2 - In field trials conducted in the Yangtze River basin under high-temperature conditions, the introduction of QT12 into the hybrid rice variety "Huazhan" significantly increased its seed setting rate, single-plant yield, and rice quality, with yield increases of 49.1% in Wuhan, 77.9% in Hangzhou, and 31.2% in Changsha [2] - The research team has reached agreements with several domestic companies for the transformation and development of these research results, aiming to accelerate their application in breeding practices [2]