Renewable Energy: China's Role as a Global Green Engine - China produces 80% of the world's solar cells, 70% of wind turbines, and 70% of lithium batteries, with renewable energy generation surpassing coal for the first time last year [2] - The largest single photovoltaic power station in the Ningxia Gobi Desert reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 3 million tons annually [2] - Traditional energy giants like Saudi Arabia are beginning to import Chinese photovoltaic technology for future city developments [2] Ancient DNA Decoding: Unraveling Human Origins - The discovery of a 146,000-year-old skull by a Chinese team has rewritten human evolutionary history, confirming it belongs to the mysterious Denisovans [3] - This breakthrough highlights China's disruptive innovation capabilities in fundamental scientific research [3] - While Western scholars search for human origin evidence in Africa, Chinese scientists have unearthed fossils that could change textbooks [3] Food Security: The Global Temperature Gauge of a Seed - The QT12 gene discovered by Huazhong Agricultural University increases rice yield by 78% under high nighttime temperatures, presenting a new direction for agricultural technology [4] - This discovery is crucial as global warming is expected to reduce major grain-producing areas by 10% [4] - The QT12 gene is being applied to improve Thai jasmine rice and Indian Basmati rice, potentially allowing each hectare of rice fields to feed five more people [4]

李一博介绍，团队在高温期沿长江流域进行了大规模田间试验。他们将QT12导入到杂交稻品种"华占"中，显著提高了其结实率、单株 产量和稻米品质，在武汉、杭州和长沙的小区产量分别增加了49.1%、77.9%和31.2%，进一步验证了QT12在高温环境下的积极作用，为水 稻在高温环境下实现优质高产提供了全新的分子机制和育种策略。 12月19日，《科学》（Science）杂志在线发布了2025年度十大科学突破进展。华中农业大学的一项研究成果入选。该校水稻团队李一 博教授课题组发现一种让水稻"不怕热"的关键基因，并解析了其调控水稻耐高温的机制。 全球变暖背景下，极端高温事件频发，对粮食产量及品质带来严重影响。联合国政府间气候变化委员会预测，全球平均气温每升高 1℃，会导致主要粮食作物减产19.7%。至2040年，高温将使全球粮食减产30%至40%。而水稻是全球最重要的粮食作物之一，高温不仅会 导致水稻减产，还会增加水稻籽粒垩白，严重影响外观及口感。如何实现水稻在高温环境下稳产，培育抗高温新品种具有重大战略意义。 课题组历经10余年研究，突破传统温室筛选等方法不能反映真实环境的局限，从来自中国、菲律宾、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚 ...

Core Insights - A key gene named QT12 has been discovered by a research team led by Professor Li Yibo from Huazhong Agricultural University, which enables rice to withstand high temperatures, addressing a significant threat to food security due to climate change [1][2] - The research findings were published in the international journal "Cell" on April 30, 2023, highlighting the importance of developing heat-resistant rice varieties for stable yields in high-temperature environments [1] Group 1 - The research team conducted extensive genetic analysis and identified the QT12 gene, which interacts with the protein complex NF-Y to create a molecular "firewall" that protects rice grains from high temperatures [1] - The study demonstrated that QT12 helps maintain the stability of protein and starch synthesis during high-temperature conditions, ensuring the quality and yield of rice [1] Group 2 - In field trials conducted in the Yangtze River basin under high-temperature conditions, the introduction of QT12 into the hybrid rice variety "Huazhan" significantly increased its seed setting rate, single-plant yield, and rice quality, with yield increases of 49.1% in Wuhan, 77.9% in Hangzhou, and 31.2% in Changsha [2] - The research team has reached agreements with several domestic companies for the transformation and development of these research results, aiming to accelerate their application in breeding practices [2]

团队将QT12基因导入到杂交稻配组最多的主栽品种"华占"，结果显示，与"华占"相比，武汉、杭州和 长沙三地导入QT12抗性基因的"改良华占"产量，分别增加了49.1%、77.9%和31.2%，进一步验证了 QT12基因在高温环境下的育种实力。 目前，聚焦该成果，已有近10家种业公司与华中农业大学签署转化意向协议。 签约单位之一、安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司副总经理张从合指出，相较于实验室环境下筛选出来的 耐高温基因，QT12基因是在自然环境下筛选出来，抗性及表型更加贴合现实，稳产提质效果更优，这 也是产业界看重的关键。 袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司副总裁杨远柱表示，将依托杂交水稻海外推广网络，推进QT12基因在 海外，尤其是东南亚、南亚地区的应用。(完) 中新社武汉5月1日电 (记者 马芙蓉)华中农业大学作物遗传改良全国重点实验室、生命科学技术学院教 授李一博带领的团队，从自然环境中筛选出水稻耐高温基因QT12，为水稻在高温环境下实现稳产提质 及育种提供新策略。相关成果于北京时间4月30日晚发表在国际期刊《细胞》(Cell)上。 "全球变暖背景下，极端高温事件频发，对粮食产量及品质带来突出影响。"李一博表示， ...