Core Viewpoint - The successful deployment of a deep-sea buoy system by the Chinese Academy of Sciences marks a significant advancement in ocean-atmosphere interaction observation, capable of operating at depths exceeding 3500 meters and under extreme marine conditions [1] Group 1: Technological Innovations - The buoy system features an innovative design tailored for deep-sea high sea state environments, including a high-stability buoy structure and anchoring system [1] - Advanced observational equipment such as marine quantum lidar and marine microwave radiometers have been developed, enabling comprehensive synchronous observations from 10 kilometers above water to 1 kilometer below [1] Group 2: Operational Capabilities - The buoy system can withstand wind speeds exceeding 60 meters per second and wave heights up to 20 meters, demonstrating its robustness in extreme working conditions [1] - It provides long-term in-situ observation capabilities, addressing challenges related to stability, reliability, and data quality in harsh marine environments [1] Group 3: Scientific and Environmental Impact - This deployment will enhance understanding of the ocean-atmosphere interaction in the South China Sea, contributing to marine environmental protection and disaster prevention efforts [1] - The buoy system's capabilities will support the collection of critical data for scientific research and environmental monitoring [1]

Core Viewpoint - The development of real-time buoys is crucial for continuous monitoring of marine environmental factors, addressing the challenges of data transmission delays and enhancing marine disaster warning capabilities [3][4][6]. Group 1: Real-time Buoy Technology - Real-time buoys are essential for deep-sea environmental monitoring, providing continuous, accurate, and multi-parameter observations [4][6]. - Traditional buoys face data transmission delays, typically storing data for about a year before retrieval, limiting their application in real-time marine forecasting [4][6]. - The introduction of real-time buoys transforms data viewing from "delayed playback" to "live streaming," significantly improving the timeliness of marine data [4][7]. Group 2: Applications and Benefits - Real-time buoys have vast applications in marine disaster warning, enabling real-time monitoring of phenomena like internal waves and tsunamis, thus providing timely and accurate information for disaster prevention [6][7]. - They also support environmental monitoring by offering foundational data on the spread of marine pollutants, aiding in environmental protection efforts [6]. Group 3: Development and Testing - The domestically developed real-time buoy system has successfully undergone sea trials, demonstrating stability and reliability during extreme weather conditions, such as Typhoon "Yuan Gui" in 2021 [8][9]. - The system integrates various domestically produced components, marking significant progress in the localization of real-time buoy technology [9][10]. Group 4: Technological Advancements - The research team has achieved breakthroughs in several key technologies, including low-power satellite communication and deep-water pressure-resistant antennas, facilitating the transition from imitation to innovation in buoy technology [11]. - The real-time communication buoys developed are characterized by their simple structure, high reliability, and cost-effectiveness, positioning them among the leading technologies in the country [11]. Group 5: Future Plans - The research team aims to expand the operational capabilities of real-time buoys, evolving them into comprehensive observation platforms with capabilities for monitoring, presence, and early warning [12]. - The advancement of real-time buoy technology is expected to drive the development of related industrial chains and enhance disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities [12].