Core Viewpoint - The recent visit of 111 students and faculty from Han Mountain Normal University to the Shantou Ocean Center's Nanao Marine Station highlights the importance of marine education and the role of observational instruments in understanding oceanic phenomena [1] Group 1: Educational Initiatives - The Nanao Marine Station has opened a new marine observation instrument exhibition room, which serves as a platform for educational outreach [1] - The staff at the marine station acted as science popularization mentors, enhancing the understanding of marine knowledge through hands-on experiences and interactive learning [1] Group 2: Exhibition Details - The exhibition room is divided into two main areas: a knowledge popularization area that explains the definitions, principles, and functions of marine observation instruments, and a physical exhibition area showcasing replaced instruments such as surface seawater thermometers and barometers [1] - The displayed instruments, which show signs of age, provide a tangible representation of the development of marine observation technology [1] Group 3: Historical Context - Staff members shared stories about early marine observers who recorded hydrological and meteorological data under challenging conditions, emphasizing the dedication and perseverance required in the field of marine observation [1]

Core Viewpoint - The successful deployment of a deep-sea buoy system by the Chinese Academy of Sciences marks a significant advancement in ocean-atmosphere interaction observation, capable of operating at depths exceeding 3500 meters and under extreme marine conditions [1] Group 1: Technological Innovations - The buoy system features an innovative design tailored for deep-sea high sea state environments, including a high-stability buoy structure and anchoring system [1] - Advanced observational equipment such as marine quantum lidar and marine microwave radiometers have been developed, enabling comprehensive synchronous observations from 10 kilometers above water to 1 kilometer below [1] Group 2: Operational Capabilities - The buoy system can withstand wind speeds exceeding 60 meters per second and wave heights up to 20 meters, demonstrating its robustness in extreme working conditions [1] - It provides long-term in-situ observation capabilities, addressing challenges related to stability, reliability, and data quality in harsh marine environments [1] Group 3: Scientific and Environmental Impact - This deployment will enhance understanding of the ocean-atmosphere interaction in the South China Sea, contributing to marine environmental protection and disaster prevention efforts [1] - The buoy system's capabilities will support the collection of critical data for scientific research and environmental monitoring [1]

Core Viewpoint - The development of real-time buoys is crucial for continuous monitoring of marine environmental factors, addressing the challenges of data transmission delays and enhancing marine disaster warning capabilities [3][4][6]. Group 1: Real-time Buoy Technology - Real-time buoys are essential for deep-sea environmental monitoring, providing continuous, accurate, and multi-parameter observations [4][6]. - Traditional buoys face data transmission delays, typically storing data for about a year before retrieval, limiting their application in real-time marine forecasting [4][6]. - The introduction of real-time buoys transforms data viewing from "delayed playback" to "live streaming," significantly improving the timeliness of marine data [4][7]. Group 2: Applications and Benefits - Real-time buoys have vast applications in marine disaster warning, enabling real-time monitoring of phenomena like internal waves and tsunamis, thus providing timely and accurate information for disaster prevention [6][7]. - They also support environmental monitoring by offering foundational data on the spread of marine pollutants, aiding in environmental protection efforts [6]. Group 3: Development and Testing - The domestically developed real-time buoy system has successfully undergone sea trials, demonstrating stability and reliability during extreme weather conditions, such as Typhoon "Yuan Gui" in 2021 [8][9]. - The system integrates various domestically produced components, marking significant progress in the localization of real-time buoy technology [9][10]. Group 4: Technological Advancements - The research team has achieved breakthroughs in several key technologies, including low-power satellite communication and deep-water pressure-resistant antennas, facilitating the transition from imitation to innovation in buoy technology [11]. - The real-time communication buoys developed are characterized by their simple structure, high reliability, and cost-effectiveness, positioning them among the leading technologies in the country [11]. Group 5: Future Plans - The research team aims to expand the operational capabilities of real-time buoys, evolving them into comprehensive observation platforms with capabilities for monitoring, presence, and early warning [12]. - The advancement of real-time buoy technology is expected to drive the development of related industrial chains and enhance disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities [12].