《渔业补贴协定》要求取消非法、未报告和无管制捕捞补贴、过度捕捞鱼类种群补贴和无管制的公海捕 捞补贴，并纳入了渔业执法、资源可持续性评估、政策透明度、国际合作等渔业管理要素。 《渔业补贴协定》于2022年6月在世贸组织第12届部长级会议上通过，其后开放供成员加入。中国于 2023年6月27日批准接受该协定，是较早完成批约程序的世贸组织主要成员。 新华社日内瓦9月15日电（记者焦倩）世界贸易组织总理事会15日在日内瓦举行《渔业补贴协定》特别 会议，4个世贸组织成员巴西、肯尼亚、越南及汤加向世贸组织递交了批准书，批约成员总数达到法定 要求，《渔业补贴协定》正式生效。 世贸组织总干事伊维拉在会上表示，《渔业补贴协定》生效是全球治理的标志性事件，是多边贸易体制 为应对全球性挑战提供的重要公共产品。"这一成就不仅造福地球和海洋，更惠及全球各地的人们，尤 其是我们的后代。" ...

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming United Nations Ocean Conference aims to accelerate actions and mobilize all stakeholders to protect and sustainably use the oceans, focusing on marine biodiversity, fisheries subsidies, and the "30 by 30" target [1] Group 1: Marine Biodiversity Protection - The conference will address the goal of obtaining 60 ratifications for the "Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction," which is crucial for its effectiveness [2] - As of June 5, only 32 countries or regions have ratified the agreement, indicating significant work remains to reach the target [2] - French President Macron emphasized the need for sustainable management of the high seas and the establishment of marine protected areas [2] Group 2: Fisheries Subsidies - The conference will push for the implementation of the "Fisheries Subsidies Agreement," which aims to curb harmful fishing subsidies and establish binding multilateral rules [3] - The agreement prohibits illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, as well as subsidies for overfished species and fishing in unregulated high seas [3] - Currently, 101 out of the required 111 World Trade Organization members have accepted the agreement, with China being one of the early signatories [3] Group 3: "30 by 30" Target - The "30 by 30" target aims to protect at least 30% of global land and ocean by 2030, but only 2.8% of the ocean is currently assessed as potentially effectively protected [4] - Analysts suggest that financial tools like blue bonds and blue loans will be crucial to bridge the funding gap needed to achieve this target [4] Group 4: Conference Outcomes - The conference will aim to adopt a concise, action-oriented declaration known as the "Nice Ocean Action Plan," which will include voluntary commitments [5] - The success of the conference in achieving consensus and translating it into actionable steps will significantly impact future global ocean protection and sustainable use efforts [5]