所以，星星"眨眼睛"，并不是"真身"在动，而是光线的折射率出现了波动，导致肉眼观察下的星星，与 其"真身"所在位置的偏移距离在短时间内发生了变化。这种变化非常频繁，每秒钟有几十次到上百次。 那么，是什么导致了光线折射率的变化呢？ 答案是——大气湍流。按照物理学定义，大气湍流是大气中一种复杂的运动。大气湍流分为两种，一种 是机械湍流，地面包括房屋建筑、山川树木等阻挡了近地面风力，导致上下部位气流风力不均衡，形 成"风力差"；另一种是热力湍流，因为地表温度分布不均匀，热空气上升、冷空气下沉。可见，大气湍 流是时时都在发生的。通常，白天发生的大气湍流更加强烈，导致折射率波动更大，星星"眨眼睛"也更 频繁，只是我们观察不到。 星星"眨眼睛"是光线的折射率出现了波动，大气湍流导致了折射率变化 夏天的夜晚，观星是不少人的一大乐趣。 当我们在晴朗无云的夜晚仰望天空，常常能看到星星一闪一闪，好像在眨眼睛，特别是当星体观察位置 靠近地平线时，闪烁更剧烈。那么，星星为什么会"眨眼睛"呢？ 你有没有想过，我们看到的星星，其实并不是星星的"真身"。 我们从光的折射现象说起。当光从一种介质传播到另一种介质，会发生折射现象。不仅如此，当 ...

Core Insights - A collaborative team from the University of Toronto, Princeton University, and the Australian National University has developed an innovative computer simulation technology that explores the interstellar medium (ISM) with unprecedented precision and scale [1][2] - The new model provides insights into astrophysical phenomena such as ISM, galactic magnetic fields, star formation, and cosmic ray propagation, and has been published in the latest issue of Nature Astronomy [1] Group 1: Model Capabilities - The new model achieves significant breakthroughs in size and detail, capable of simulating a spatial volume approximately 30 light-years across, with the smallest version reduced to about 1/5000 of that size [2] - It offers higher resolution and scalability, allowing for the simulation of dynamic changes in ISM density, which previous models could not account for [2] Group 2: Scientific Implications - The model utilizes observational data from the solar-Earth system to validate simulation results, indicating a better understanding of space weather and its effects on Earth [2] - Turbulence is a common phenomenon in various natural and engineering contexts, and the model enhances understanding of how magnetic fields influence gas flow and star formation, as well as the impact of cosmic weather events like solar storms on Earth [2]