Core Insights - NASA's Parker Solar Probe has captured the closest images of the Sun to date, providing unprecedented details of the solar corona and solar wind, which aids in understanding the origins of space weather and enhances Earth’s warning capabilities [1][2] Group 1: Mission Overview - The Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 with the mission to study the Sun's outer atmosphere, the corona [1] - In December 2022, the probe flew within approximately 6.1 million kilometers of the Sun's surface, marking the first time a human-made object has entered the Sun's atmosphere [1] Group 2: Scientific Findings - The images captured reveal the structure of the solar corona and the release process of solar wind, which is a continuous flow of charged particles that affects the entire solar system [1] - The probe has provided high-resolution images of multiple coronal mass ejection (CME) events, showcasing their interactions and collisions for the first time [1][2] Group 3: Implications for Space Weather - The merging of multiple CMEs can significantly alter their trajectories and intensities, potentially accelerating charged particles and changing magnetic field structures, posing greater threats to astronauts, satellites, and ground-based technologies [2] - The close observations from the Parker Solar Probe enable researchers to better predict and respond to the effects of space weather [2]

Core Insights - A collaborative team from the University of Toronto, Princeton University, and the Australian National University has developed an innovative computer simulation technology that explores the interstellar medium (ISM) with unprecedented precision and scale [1][2] - The new model provides insights into astrophysical phenomena such as ISM, galactic magnetic fields, star formation, and cosmic ray propagation, and has been published in the latest issue of Nature Astronomy [1] Group 1: Model Capabilities - The new model achieves significant breakthroughs in size and detail, capable of simulating a spatial volume approximately 30 light-years across, with the smallest version reduced to about 1/5000 of that size [2] - It offers higher resolution and scalability, allowing for the simulation of dynamic changes in ISM density, which previous models could not account for [2] Group 2: Scientific Implications - The model utilizes observational data from the solar-Earth system to validate simulation results, indicating a better understanding of space weather and its effects on Earth [2] - Turbulence is a common phenomenon in various natural and engineering contexts, and the model enhances understanding of how magnetic fields influence gas flow and star formation, as well as the impact of cosmic weather events like solar storms on Earth [2]