近日，保靖酉水国家湿地公园科研团队在常规监测中，在酉水河峡谷风光带意外邂逅了一位植物界的"稀客"，列入《世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色 名录》的极危物种——红头索。这是该物种在湖南省内的首次记录，标志着这一珍稀植物成功在保靖酉水湿地"安家"。 近年来，保靖酉水国家湿地公园科研团队对园区动植物多样性开展全面系统监测，不仅发现中华秋沙鸭、小灵猫等国家一级保护动物，还记录到金毛 狗、闽楠等8种国家二级保护植物。 △红头索为报春花科珍珠菜属多年生草本植物，叶对生，叶面深绿色、疏生糙伏毛，叶背淡绿色、毛被稍密，形态特征辨识度极高。其生长对生态环 境要求极高，偏好湿度适中、土壤肥沃且无重度干扰的峡谷溪流旁或林下阴湿处，是反映区域生态系统完整性与稳定性的"指示物种"。 据记录，该物种此前仅分布于四川峨眉山，野生种群数量极其稀少，被《中国植物红皮书》列为最高濒危等级——极危（CR）。此次在湖南的发 现，不仅填补了该物种在湖南省内的分布空白，也印证了酉水区域生态环境的原始性与完整性，对湿地生物多样性保护与珍稀植物研究具有重要意义。 ...

Core Points - The collaboration between Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Zoo, and Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve has achieved significant results in the artificial breeding and rewilding of the critically endangered Baikal teal [1][2] - Hengshui Lake is a crucial breeding and wintering site for the Baikal teal, with a recorded population of 308 individuals in 2017, highlighting its importance in conservation efforts [1] - The project began in 2022, and by 2024, nine adult Baikal teals were successfully transported to establish a breeding base, leading to the natural breeding of 13 ducklings in the first generation and further success in the second generation [1] Group 1 - The project has established a stable natural breeding population of Baikal teals after two complete breeding seasons [1] - Valuable data on the breeding habits and habitat requirements of Baikal teals has been accumulated, providing a systematic "Chinese solution" for global conservation efforts [2] - Future efforts will focus on habitat management optimization and promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife, contributing to global wetland biodiversity protection [2]

Core Viewpoint - The collaboration between Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Zoo, and Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve has achieved significant progress in the artificial breeding and rewilding of the critically endangered Baikal teal, establishing a stable natural breeding population [1][2]. Group 1: Project Achievements - A stable natural breeding population of Baikal teal has been successfully established after two complete breeding seasons [1]. - In 2022, the project initiated with the transfer of 9 adult Baikal teals (5 females and 4 males) from Beijing Zoo to Hengshui Lake, leading to the first generation of 13 ducklings in the same year [1]. - The second generation of ducklings was successfully bred in June of the following year [1]. Group 2: Importance of Hengshui Lake - Hengshui Lake is a crucial breeding and wintering site for the globally critically endangered Baikal teal, with 308 individuals monitored in 2017, highlighting its significance for conservation efforts [1]. - The lake has become an important research area for improving the conservation status of the species [1]. Group 3: Future Directions - The research team has gathered valuable data on the breeding habits and habitat requirements of Baikal teal, which will contribute to a systematic "Chinese solution" for global conservation efforts [2]. - Future efforts will focus on optimizing habitat management and promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife, providing replicable and scalable practices for wetland biodiversity conservation [2].