新华社贵阳8月4日电 题：垃圾成堆、钟乳石被售卖——天然溶洞遭破坏调查 新华社"新华视点"记者施钱贵、杨欣、王泓楗 不久前，湖南省慈利县、永顺县等地被曝多个天然溶洞受垃圾污染，引发社会广泛关注。"新华视点"记 者调查发现，在一些地方，溶洞被污染、破坏现象时有发生，大量钟乳石被公开售卖。 溶洞内堆积大量垃圾并被破坏 近期，慈利县一处天然溶洞遭排污事件引发社会广泛关注。据拍摄者称，垃圾堆积"有七八层楼那么 高"。事发后，当地迅速组织人力物力对存量垃圾进行清理，同时对相关单位责任人采取停职检查等措 施，对相关责任人立案调查。 记者发现，溶洞被污染、破坏现象并非个案。在贵州省毕节市七星关区水箐镇马鞍村，一溶洞曾因村民 长期倾倒垃圾，洞内堆积生活垃圾10余吨，导致下游河流氨氮、总磷含量超标。2024年，七星关区人民 检察院向水箐镇人民政府送达检察建议书督促整改，溶洞内垃圾得以清理。 在西部某县一个村庄，记者发现路边的一处溶洞被当地用泥土封堵。村支书告诉记者，洞穴长期被村民 用来倾倒垃圾，出于环保压力，不得已只好封堵。 在西南某县的一溶洞内，有大量石花、石枝、石葡萄、石珊瑚等奇观。然而令人遗憾的是，洞中部分如 珍珠一般的 ...

Core Insights - The unique cave exploration activities in Beijing's Fangshan district have gained popularity among tourists during the "May Day" holiday, with significant visitor numbers reported [1][3] - The local government and tourism operators are emphasizing the importance of protecting these geological treasures while promoting tourism [4][6] Group 1: Tourist Attraction and Visitor Statistics - The Silver Fox Cave features various geological formations and typically receives around 600 visitors on weekends, with daily numbers exceeding 1,000 during the holiday [3] - The Yunshui Cave, another significant cave in Beijing, is 613 meters long and formed between 400 million to 1 billion years ago, also experiencing an increase in visitor numbers during the holiday [4] Group 2: Environmental Protection and Awareness - Experts highlight the need for visitors to avoid touching stalactites and other formations to prevent damage caused by pollen and spores from human contact [8] - The geological formations in these caves, primarily composed of soluble rocks like dolomite, took millions of years to develop, underscoring the importance of conservation [6] Group 3: Economic Impact and Local Development - The popularity of cave tourism has led to the development of new business opportunities in the surrounding areas, including the establishment of 50 guesthouses in Shangying Water Village [10] - Local tourism initiatives include offering fresh seasonal produce in restaurants and activities like mining-themed train rides and camping during the holiday [10]