Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing prevalence and impact of atopic dermatitis (eczema) in China, particularly focusing on its effects on both children and adults, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and the associated emotional and financial burdens on patients. Group 1: Prevalence and Demographics - In 2021, there were approximately 7.627 million children aged 0-14 years in China suffering from atopic dermatitis [9] - The annual prevalence of atopic dermatitis among adults in China is reported to be 6.13%, meaning 6 out of every 100 adults experienced the condition in that year [12] - The incidence of atopic dermatitis has increased from 1,044.1 cases per 100,000 people in 2012 to 1,083.9 cases in 2021, affecting around 15.421 million people in China [14] Group 2: Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis - Atopic dermatitis is often misdiagnosed as eczema, particularly in cases where it appears symmetrically on the body [5] - The condition is closely related to genetic factors, and improper treatment can lead to worsening symptoms [7] - Many patients are unaware that atopic dermatitis requires long-term management, leading to cycles of misdiagnosis and ineffective treatment [49] Group 3: Emotional and Financial Burden - Over 10% of patients have experienced suicidal thoughts due to the distress caused by atopic dermatitis, with nearly 2% having attempted suicide [27] - The average annual medical expenditure for a child with atopic dermatitis is approximately 26,500 yuan, including treatment and travel costs [48] - Atopic dermatitis is referred to as "the most expensive skin disease in the world," highlighting the financial strain on patients [50] Group 4: Comorbidities and Complications - Nearly 40% of atopic dermatitis patients also suffer from at least one comorbidity, with allergic rhinitis being the most common at 68.7% [38] - Severe atopic dermatitis patients have a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, with rates reaching 6.89%, more than three times that of mild patients [44] - The condition is associated with various other allergic diseases and metabolic disorders, complicating the overall health of affected individuals [36][39]