Core Viewpoint - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can lead to multi-organ damage and significantly increase mortality risk, particularly among women of childbearing age in China, where there are over 1 million lupus patients [1][2]. Group 1: Disease Characteristics - SLE is characterized by a "female predominance" with a male-to-female ratio of 1:12, closely linked to estrogen levels [2]. - The disease has two peak age groups: around 15 years during puberty and between 30-45 years during childbearing years, where hormonal fluctuations can exacerbate the condition [2]. - Environmental factors, such as UV exposure and pollutants, are significant triggers for SLE [2]. Group 2: Diagnosis and Symptoms - Early detection and diagnosis are crucial to prevent progression to severe lupus, which has a high mortality rate [3]. - Key warning signs include butterfly-shaped rashes, recurrent oral ulcers, photosensitivity, unexplained joint pain, hair loss, and nail changes [3]. - Regular check-ups, including tests for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and antinuclear antibodies, are recommended for asymptomatic individuals [3]. Group 3: Treatment Goals and Strategies - The primary treatment goal for lupus is organ protection, alongside controlling disease activity and minimizing drug toxicity [5]. - Current treatment strategies emphasize individualized care, with a focus on early diagnosis and treatment to achieve stable disease status with minimal medication [4][5]. - The use of biological agents has marked a significant advancement in treatment, allowing for reduced steroid use and lower relapse rates [5]. - It is essential to avoid overtreatment, particularly with steroids and immunosuppressants, to mitigate the risk of severe infections, which are a leading cause of death in lupus patients [5].