Core Viewpoint - The global climate is approaching an irreversible tipping point, with the Amazon rainforest being a critical area of concern. Urgent action is needed to prevent catastrophic carbon emissions and potential new pandemics, emphasizing the importance of COP30 in advancing global climate goals [1][5]. Group 1: Climate Change and Its Impacts - The scientific community has long warned that global temperature increases must be kept below 1°C to avoid disastrous climate impacts, yet effective global responses have been lacking, leading to a rise in greenhouse gas emissions [2]. - Extreme heat waves are now a leading cause of climate-related deaths, particularly affecting vulnerable populations. Research indicates that annual deaths from heat waves could exceed 500,000, with severe risks for the elderly and infants in high-temperature environments [3]. - The Amazon rainforest, which stores over 1,500 billion tons of carbon, is facing unprecedented degradation due to deforestation and drought, potentially releasing over 2,500 billion tons of CO2 into the atmosphere by the end of the century if current trends continue [5]. Group 2: Financial and Economic Considerations - The current economic incentive structures are flawed, encouraging environmental degradation while undervaluing ecosystem contributions. For instance, Brazil's livestock sector contributes 17% to GDP but occupies vast land resources, while biodiversity products contribute only 1.2% [4]. - The international financial system must facilitate a transition from resource-depleting to eco-friendly economies, with significant investments needed for ecological restoration and enhancing the value chain of biodiversity products [4]. Group 3: COP30 Expectations - COP30 is expected to be a pivotal moment in climate action, with calls for countries to advance net-zero targets to 2040 and establish binding agreements to halt deforestation. A green climate fund mobilizing $13 trillion annually is also proposed to support energy system transformation and climate resilience [6].