Core Viewpoint - The Chaohe Main Canal has successfully initiated winter water supply for the first time since its establishment in 1958, marking a significant transformation from an agricultural irrigation channel to an ecological channel [1]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Chaohe Main Canal, approximately 11.42 kilometers long, starts at the He'nanzhai section in Miyun District and ends at the Tangzhishan Reservoir in Shunyi District [2]. - Initially built to support agricultural irrigation in Miyun and Shunyi, the canal ceased water supply in 2001 due to decreased irrigation demand and increased urban water usage [2]. - The canal was reactivated in 2021 for ecological replenishment, with a target of nearly 130 million cubic meters of cumulative water supply by December 31, 2025, including over 40 million cubic meters in 2025 alone [2]. Group 2: Ecological Impact - The transformation into an ecological channel has enhanced the connectivity of regional water systems, revitalizing the Tangzhishan Reservoir and improving the ecological environment of the Puyihe River in Pinggu District [3]. - Winter water supply promotes biodiversity recovery, with 22 fish species and over 30 bird species now recorded in the area, alongside the return of mammals and protected plants [3]. - The winter water supply breaks seasonal limitations, achieving year-round ecological replenishment and contributing to sustainable regional ecological development [3].

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant improvement in the ecological health of the Shangtang River in Hangzhou, evidenced by a substantial increase in fish species and populations due to ongoing water quality monitoring and restoration efforts [3][5][7]. Group 1: Monitoring and Data Collection - Monitoring of aquatic ecosystems in Hangzhou began in 2008, initially focusing on the Tiesha River, with limited fish presence [3]. - In June, monitoring data revealed 21 fish species at two sampling points, a notable increase from 10 species in the same period of 2023 [5][6]. - The total weight of fish caught at these points reached 15.62 kilograms, nearly doubling from 5.30 kilograms in 2023, with the number of individual fish rising from 92 to 162 [6]. Group 2: Ecological Restoration - Key pollution indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus have decreased by over 50%, while dissolved oxygen levels have risen, creating a suitable environment for aquatic life [7]. - The introduction of ecological restoration techniques, including ecological slopes and artificial wetlands, has provided essential habitats for fish [7]. Group 3: Community Engagement - The article emphasizes the importance of community involvement in maintaining ecological balance, urging citizens to practice responsible fishing and release practices to protect local biodiversity [8]. - Hangzhou currently has 222 designated fishing areas, accessible through the "Zheli Ban" app for public awareness [8].

Core Viewpoint - The Yangtze River fishing ban, initiated in 2021 for a ten-year period, has led to a gradual recovery of fish resources and biodiversity, although concerns about community structure imbalance persist [1][3]. Group 1: Fishing Ban Impact - The fishing ban has resulted in increased fish populations in certain areas, attributed to three main factors: limited natural reproduction in closed lakes, seasonal fish aggregation in open waters, and long-term feeding leading to habituation [2][3]. - The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs indicates that fish resources will remain within the carrying capacity for the foreseeable future, despite the ongoing recovery of biodiversity [3][5]. Group 2: Biodiversity and Monitoring - The 2024 report on aquatic biological resources shows a slow recovery of fish species and diversity, with the integrity index still rated as "poor" [3][5]. - Since the ban, 344 native fish species have been monitored, an increase of 36 species compared to the pre-ban period, with significant recovery noted in key economic fish species [5]. Group 3: Future Measures and Concerns - The government plans to implement targeted measures and emergency policies to address potential imbalances in fish populations, including expert assessments and tailored management strategies for specific water bodies [4][5]. - The long-term recovery of fish resources is emphasized, with comparisons drawn to the Qinghai Lake fishing ban, which has shown slow progress over 24 years [4].