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美国汽车业本土化 外国车是“头号功臣”
Core Insights - The 2025 American Manufacturing Index (AMI) by Cars.com highlights Tesla's dominance, with its models occupying the top four positions, particularly the Model 3 recognized as the highest in American manufacturing content [2][4][5] - Electric vehicles (EVs) represent a significant presence in the top ten, with six out of ten vehicles being electric, marking the first time EVs have held a majority in the rankings [2][4] Summary by Category Tesla's Performance - Tesla's vehicles have consistently ranked highly since their first participation in the AMI in 2020, with the Model 3 achieving the top position this year, a significant rise from its previous 21st place [5] - The Model Y, which held the top spot for three consecutive years, dropped to second place due to increased use of non-North American parts [5] - The high scores for Tesla are attributed to the substantial use of local parts, with 75% of Model 3 components sourced from the U.S. and Canada, and a strong domestic workforce [4][5] Electric Vehicle Trends - The AMI report indicates a growing trend towards the localization of electric vehicle production in the U.S., with the Kia EV6 and Volkswagen ID.4 also making the top ten [2][5][10] - The number of pure electric models in the AMI list increased from eight to eleven compared to the previous year, reflecting a broader shift towards electric vehicle manufacturing [10] Overall Market Insights - The AMI evaluated 400 light vehicles, with 133 manufactured in the U.S. and 248 imported, highlighting a significant presence of foreign brands in the market [8] - General Motors led with the most models on the list, followed closely by Toyota and Honda, indicating a competitive landscape among both domestic and foreign manufacturers [8] - The report underscores the complexity of determining "American-made" vehicles, emphasizing that manufacturing processes involve various factors beyond just the brand [9] Economic Implications - The timing of the AMI release coincides with significant policy changes affecting the electric vehicle market, including the termination of federal tax credits [10] - Despite potential slowdowns in electric vehicle adoption, the overall trend towards electrification in the U.S. automotive industry remains intact, driven by substantial investments from automakers [10][11]