Group 1 - The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has raised alarms about the significant decline in international education aid and the uneven investment in culture and science, urging funding bodies to renew their commitments to these critical development areas [1] - UNESCO's Director-General highlighted that education, culture, and science are core elements for promoting peace and social development, emphasizing the necessity of sustainable funding support for these sectors [1] - A new analysis from UNESCO indicates that international education aid may decrease by over 25% between 2023 and 2027, primarily due to public finance challenges, with 60% of low-income countries facing excessive debt or high-risk situations [1] Group 2 - In 2022, the cultural and creative economy contributed 3.1% to global GDP and created nearly 50 million jobs, indicating that funding support for the cultural sector is a comprehensive investment in employment, economic growth, and social cohesion [2] - UNESCO has demonstrated that investments in the cultural sector, from heritage restoration to creative industries, can significantly enhance the effectiveness of development aid, as seen in the job creation from the reconstruction of Mosul's historic district [2] - The scientific sector is crucial for addressing major contemporary challenges, yet it faces long-term funding shortages, with the latest UNESCO report noting that 80% of countries allocate less than 1% of their GDP to research and development [2]

新华社罗马6月19日电 专访丨意大利自然科学院院长：期待意中农业科学界加强对话 新华社记者张馨文 6月12日，意大利自然科学院院长马西莫·温琴齐尼在位于佛罗伦萨的意大利自然科学院接受新华社记者 专访。新华社发（劳拉·德拉科尔特摄） "我希望能够通过这次雕塑捐赠仪式等相关活动，促成更多与中国的合作。"温琴齐尼说。 意大利自然科学院院长马西莫·温琴齐尼近日在接受新华社记者专访时表示，科学交流是没有国界 的，意中农业发展历史有相似之处，加强对话合作有助于和平发展。 "中国和意大利都拥有悠久的农业传统，农业对两国历史发展都十分重要。相互交换经验是重要的 合作方式，可以避免我们犯错还能互相帮助。"温琴齐尼在位于佛罗伦萨的意大利自然科学院接受采访 时说。 2021年，意大利自然科学院出版了意大利语版的中国元代重要农业著作《王祯农书》。"通过将这 本著作与意大利同时期著作对比，我们发现意中在农业发展方面有不少相似的成果，比如研制出了很类 似的农耕工具。"温琴齐尼说，"这是一个非常棒的发现。农耕文化所蕴含的与土地的联系，超越了语 言，让我们双方更加接近。" 据介绍，意大利自然科学院成立于1753年，是意大利最古老的专注于农业 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the collaboration between China and Brazil on the international space science project, specifically the "Radio Telescope for Capturing Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Signals" [1] - The main structure of the radio telescope has been shipped to Brazil, indicating the commencement of its construction in the country [1]

Group 1 - Thailand and China are deepening cooperation in polar research through joint initiatives, including scientific expeditions, laboratory collaboration, and researcher exchanges [1][3] - Over 10 Thai scientists are currently participating in China's polar research efforts, with a focus on environmental changes in polar regions and their global impacts, as well as atmospheric and oceanographic studies [3] - The partnership aims to serve as a model for international scientific collaboration and address urgent global issues [3] Group 2 - This year marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Thailand and China, with frequent interactions between the two countries [4] - Recent military cooperation includes joint training exercises conducted by naval forces from both nations [4]

中国科学院昆明动物研究所联合东南亚多国科研机构，历时十年攻关，首次系统揭示了东南亚大陆复杂的人群遗传结构与演化历史，在东南亚人群基因组研 究领域取得重要突破，"东南亚人群基因组计划"首期成果14日在国际学术期刊《自然》发表。 东南亚是全球最重要的人类演化区域之一，该地区人群拥有极高的遗传多样性， 然而该地区的基因组学研究长期缺失，严重制约了人类环境适应性进化与 疾病遗传机制的深度解析，因而也被称为全球人类基因组研究"最后一块拼图"。 "东南亚基因组计划"二期工程启动，推动"一带一路"健康科学合作迈向新高度。 该研究成果标志着全球人类基因组多样性研究的重要突破，填补了全球基因组"南方盲区"，重新定义了人类多样性研究的全球图景。为解析人类表型与环境 互作机制、热带疾病遗传基础提供了关键支撑，对推动区域精准医学、跨境民族健康治理具有重大科学与社会意义。同时，该研究作为中国主导的跨国合作 范式为解析人类生物多样性树立了新标杆，是"一带一路"科技合作的典范。 在首期聚焦东南亚大陆取得重大成果的基础上，目前中国科学院昆明动物研究所联合国际合作伙伴已经正式启动"东南亚基因组计划"二期工程，致力于构建 覆盖东南亚全域的万人级 ...

Core Points - The article discusses the significance of lunar samples brought back by China's Chang'e 5 mission, highlighting the collaboration between British scientists and China in lunar research [1][2] - The samples, weighing approximately 1731 grams, were collected from the Moon's surface and are now available for international scientific research [1] - The British scientist Mahesh Anand expresses his honor in studying these samples, emphasizing their potential to lead to new scientific discoveries [1][2] Group 1 - The Chang'e 5 mission collected about 1731 grams of lunar samples, which were made available for international research in 2023 [1] - Seven institutions from six countries, including the UK, were granted access to these lunar samples for scientific study [1] - The samples consist of three different specimens, each weighing 20 milligrams, which can be magnified significantly for analysis [2] Group 2 - Anand's research aims to address questions regarding the Moon's origin and formation, as well as the history of elements like hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen in the solar system [2] - The Chinese ambassador to the UK emphasized the importance of international collaboration in scientific progress and expressed hope for increased cooperation between China and the UK [2] - Anand believes that scientific collaboration is crucial in overcoming global conflicts and challenges, and it can unite people towards constructive goals [2]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that China has successfully returned moon samples to Earth, which are now being studied in the UK, highlighting China's leading position in the new space race [1][3]. - The moon samples, collected during China's Chang'e 5 mission in 2020, weigh approximately 2 kilograms and are considered more valuable than gold due to their rarity [1][3]. - The samples are being stored in a high-security facility at the Open University in the UK, where strict measures are in place to prevent contamination [3][4]. Group 2 - Professor Mahesh Anand, the only scientist in the UK to receive these rare materials, expressed that this collaboration could mark the beginning of long-term partnerships between China and international scientists [3]. - The research team has one year to analyze the samples, focusing on micro-level studies that could provide insights into the moon's formation and the early history of Earth [4]. - A specialized machine, developed since the early 1990s, will be used to heat the lunar soil to 1400°C to extract essential gases for analysis [4].