在为期两天的议程中，同学们先后完成数学物理综合笔试以及多轮次学术面试，在深度与广度并重的试 题中展现扎实功底，凭借清晰的逻辑表达与出色的临场应变能力赢得评审专家的青睐。最终，周煜博同 学以全国第11名的成绩获得银奖，南京一中获得优秀组织奖。 峰会颁奖典礼上，世界华人数学家联盟主席、清华大学讲席教授丘成桐出席活动并致辞。丘成桐先生高 度肯定了丘成桐少年班学生展现出的活跃思维与勇于提问、深入思考的学术精神，希望同学们正确看待 竞赛与奖项，在不断探索中坚定志向、厚积薄发。 转自：扬子晚报 近日，第十届世界华人数学家大会（ICCM2025）于上海开幕。1月4日至5日，作为ICCM2025重要系列 活动之一，第二届全国丘成桐少年班年终峰会在上海举行。峰会依托ICCM这一国际顶尖学术平台，为 少年班学生创造与全球数学家、学者交流的珍贵机会，助力他们接触前沿科学问题，拓宽学术视野。南 京一中党委书记居艳、数学组雷蕾老师及周煜博、徐欣妍、李麓、仲闻涛、陈震越五位同学受邀参加峰 会，亲身体悟基础科学的深邃底蕴与独特魅力。 本届峰会期间，主办方特别设置了"丘成桐少年班建设成果展"环节，面向全国选拔具有代表性、创新 性、实效性的学 ...

【文/观察者网专栏作者 心智观察所】 二十年前，如果有人预言全球应用科学领域排名前三十的顶尖机构将全部来自同一个国家，这大概会被 视为痴人说梦。然而，这个看似不可能的预言如今已成为现实。 《自然指数》近期发布的首份应用科学榜单犹如一记惊雷，在全球科学界激起千层浪——中国科研机构 不仅包揽了前十名，更是垄断了前三十名的所有席位，直到第三十一名才出现新加坡国立大学的身影。 当中国的贡献分值高达22261，占据全球应用科学产出的56%，而排名第二的美国仅有4099分、占比 10%时，我们不得不正视一个事实：在这场关乎国家竞争力与未来发展的科学竞赛中，攻守之势，已然 互换。 《自然指数》是《自然》旗下极具影响力的学术评估工具，长期以来被视为衡量全球顶尖科研产出的权 威标尺。 此次发布的应用科学榜单，依据的是过去一年间发表在25家应用科学期刊和会议上的文章，涵盖工程 学、计算机科学、食品科学等领域。这些期刊的遴选经过了近4200名研究人员的调查筛选，代表着他们 愿意发表最重要研究成果的学术平台。换言之，这份榜单呈现的是各国在"学以致用"这一科学核心命题 上的真实实力。 榜单的结果令人瞠目。中国科学院毫无悬念地占据榜首， ...

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 World Top Scientists Forum held in Shanghai highlights the importance of scientific collaboration and innovation, featuring significant awards and discussions among leading scientists from around the world [1][2][4]. Group 1: Event Overview - The forum took place from October 24 to 26, 2025, under the theme "Future Science: Shanghai and the World," attracting 25 top-tier award-winning scientists [1]. - The event is recognized as one of the highest-profile international scientific conferences in Asia, showcasing a diverse range of scientific inquiries and discussions [1][4]. Group 2: Awards and Recognitions - The World Top Scientists Association Award, comparable to the Nobel Prize, was presented during the forum, with the "Life Sciences or Medicine Award" going to Scott Emmer and Wes Sundquist for their groundbreaking work on cellular mechanisms [2][3]. - The "Intelligent Science or Mathematics Award" was awarded to Richard S. Hamilton for his pioneering contributions in geometric analysis and differential geometry [2]. Group 3: Scientific Contributions - Emmer's research on the ESCRT pathway has been pivotal in understanding how cells manage protein degradation, which has implications for combating diseases like HIV [2][3]. - The pharmaceutical industry has leveraged these foundational biological discoveries, leading to significant advancements in HIV treatment, exemplified by Gilead Sciences' development of a revolutionary drug [3]. Group 4: Collaborative Opportunities - The forum has fostered connections between international scientists and the Chinese scientific community, enhancing collaborative research opportunities [3][5]. - Notable scientists expressed pride in being part of the award-winning community and emphasized the importance of building relationships for future scientific endeavors [3][5]. Group 5: Forum Structure and Participation - The forum featured a comprehensive structure with one main forum, six sub-forums, and over ten related activities, focusing on various scientific disciplines and promoting in-depth discussions [4]. - Approximately 150 scientists from over ten countries participated, including four Nobel laureates and numerous distinguished young scientists, reflecting the forum's global reach and influence [5].

Group 1 - Shenzhen Xinkailai Technology Co., Ltd. showcased ultra-high-speed real-time oscilloscopes at the 2025 Bay Area Semiconductor Industry Ecological Expo, demonstrating the resilience of Chinese tech companies under pressure [1] - Some Chinese companies presented products with performance metrics comparable to mainstream products, addressing "bottleneck" issues, indicating potential breakthroughs in technology [1] - Observers believe that more breakthroughs in technology bottlenecks are only a matter of time, highlighting the strong creativity and execution capabilities of Chinese enterprises [1] Group 2 - Breakthroughs in "bottleneck" projects are targeted at specific technical challenges and are more suited for mature technology products, emphasizing the need for sustained investment in basic scientific research for long-term development [2] - Despite increased funding in research, China still faces shortcomings in the soft environment of scientific research, such as research system construction and the cultivation of scientific spirit [2] - The competitive environment for young researchers is harsh, with many teams implementing performance management similar to corporate practices, which may hinder long-term innovation [2] Group 3 - An open, free, and inclusive academic atmosphere is crucial for fostering innovation, allowing scientists to focus on research and encouraging long-term innovative ecosystems [3] - Cultivating a supportive ecosystem for technology and innovation requires societal changes, including reforming research systems and providing reasonable returns for scientists [3] - A focus on nurturing curiosity and exploration in education is essential for embedding the genes of science and innovation, which will drive future societal development [3]

Core Points - The article discusses the significance of the work of physicist Yang Zhenning, emphasizing the importance of his contributions to theoretical physics and their impact on human understanding of the universe [2][11][43] - It highlights two major achievements: the proposal of "parity non-conservation" with Li Zhengdao and the development of the "Yang-Mills theory" [22][24][27] Group 1: Importance of Physics - Physics is described as a fundamental science with the mission to explore the essence of the world [5][30] - The article uses analogies to illustrate how advancements in physics provide a better understanding of the universe, comparing historical and modern tools [4][8] Group 2: Yang Zhenning's Contributions - Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao's 1956 paper challenged the established notion of "parity conservation," leading to their Nobel Prize win [18][22] - The "Yang-Mills theory" is recognized as a significant theoretical framework that attempts to unify the four fundamental forces of nature [26][27] Group 3: Impact on Chinese Science - Yang Zhenning's return to China in 1971 is noted as a pivotal moment for the development of theoretical physics in the country, helping to elevate its status to a world-class level [29][34] - His contributions are credited with fostering the growth of numerous academicians and enhancing research facilities in Chinese universities [34][37] Group 4: Future Implications - The article stresses the necessity of foundational research in physics for future technological advancements, particularly in areas like controlled nuclear fusion and high-temperature superconductors [40][41] - It concludes that Yang Zhenning's work is essential for addressing deeper scientific questions that transcend national boundaries, serving humanity as a whole [43][45]

Group 1 - The article discusses the perceived disconnect between theoretical scientific achievements and practical applications, questioning why notable scientists have not directly produced consumer-friendly technologies from their discoveries [2] - It highlights various historical figures in science, such as Faraday, Watson and Crick, and others, emphasizing their contributions without resulting in commercially viable products [2] - The commentary suggests that there is a need for innovation that does not rely solely on foundational science to create beneficial technologies for humanity [2]

Group 1 - The sudden resignation of NSF Director S. Panchanathan was prompted by a 55% budget cut ordered by the Trump administration, leading to the termination of half of the NSF's 1,700 staff members [1][2] - NSF has been perceived as a "fortress of basic science" in the U.S., but the scientific community is now lamenting its destruction under the current administration [2][3] - The NSF's funding has historically been limited, receiving only about 1.5% of the total U.S. annual R&D expenditure, indicating that the vision outlined by Vannevar Bush in "Science: The Endless Frontier" has never been fully realized [10][24] Group 2 - NSF has faced internal conflicts since its inception, with challenges from applied sciences and political pressures to align more closely with national interests, diverging from its original mission of supporting pure scientific research [11][28] - The establishment of the Engineering Directorate in 1981 marked a significant shift, allowing engineering to gain equal footing with basic sciences within NSF, reflecting a broader trend of NSF's evolving focus [14][20] - Recent legislation, including the CHIPS and Science Act, has further emphasized the importance of applied research and technology, indicating a departure from the original intent of NSF as a purely scientific institution [23][25] Group 3 - The NSF's current operational model has shifted to balance both basic science and applied technology, contradicting the initial vision of being a non-political entity focused solely on fundamental research [24][28] - The emphasis on technology within NSF has increased significantly, with the term "technology" appearing 230 times in recent legislative texts, compared to only 163 mentions of "science" [26][28] - The NSF's alignment with U.S. national interests has deepened, particularly in response to geopolitical challenges, marking a significant departure from its founding principles [29][30]

Core Insights - David Gross, a Nobel laureate, expressed concerns about the global reduction in basic science investment while recognizing China's strategic commitment to increasing its investment in this area [1][4] - The contrast between the global cooling of basic science and China's warming investment highlights a significant strategic choice made by China [1][4] Investment in Basic Science - China's investment in basic science is seen as essential for transitioning from a "big technology country" to a "strong technology country" [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" aims to increase the proportion of basic research in R&D funding to 8% [2] - The National Natural Science Foundation is increasing funding to promote original breakthroughs [2] Achievements in Basic Science - China has established several world-class research platforms, such as the 500-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope, supporting frontier scientific research [3] - The youth research workforce is becoming a driving force in innovation, with nearly 150,000 applications for the National Natural Science Foundation's youth projects in 2024 [3] - China is actively participating in major international scientific collaborations, contributing to projects like ITER and SKA [3] Challenges Ahead - China's basic science originality is characterized by strengths in areas like quantum physics, but weaknesses in foundational disciplines such as mathematics and theoretical physics [4] - The current project evaluation system favors applied research, necessitating a greater tolerance for the uncertainties of basic science exploration [4] - Despite leading in the number of publications, China still lacks Nobel-level achievements and theoretical influence in basic science [4] Strategic Importance - Investment in basic science is viewed as a strategic move for future technological positioning on the global stage [3][5] - The commitment to basic science reflects a nation's depth of civilization and historical perspective, as emphasized by Gross [4][5] - Long-term investment in basic science is crucial for breakthrough innovations and understanding the limits of human cognition [5]

Core Insights - The 2025 International Conference on Basic Sciences opened in Beijing, focusing on the theme "Focusing on Basic Sciences, Leading the Future of Humanity" with participation from numerous international award winners and experts in the field [1][3]. Group 1: Conference Overview - The conference features over 80 academicians, more than 10 representatives from various national mathematical societies, and nearly 1,000 experts and students from academic organizations and research institutions worldwide [1]. - The event will run from July 13 to July 25, 2025, including multiple specialized reports, forums, and youth activities covering mathematics, physics, information science, and engineering [7]. Group 2: Awards and Recognitions - The "Lifetime Achievement Award in Basic Sciences" was presented to six distinguished scholars, including Nobel laureates Samuel Chao Chung Ting, Steven Chu, and David Jonathan Gross, as well as Turing Award winner Robert Endre Tarjan, Fields Medalist Shigefumi Mori, and Wolf Prize winner George Lusztig [3][5]. - The award aims to recognize significant contributions and ongoing leadership in the fields of mathematics, physics, and information science [3]. Group 3: Key Remarks - The conference chair, Shing-Tung Yau, emphasized the breakthroughs in basic sciences and the importance of international collaboration in advancing research [3]. - Nobel laureate Samuel Chao Chung Ting highlighted the necessity of proposing unprecedented questions in basic research, reflecting on over fifty years of his research journey [5]. - David Jonathan Gross expressed his satisfaction with the rapid development of basic sciences in China, particularly in fostering collaboration between American and Chinese physicists [5].

Core Insights - The 2025 International Conference on Fundamental Sciences opened on July 13 in Beijing, focusing on "Focusing on Fundamental Sciences, Leading the Future of Humanity" [1] - The conference gathered nearly a thousand experts, including four Fields Medal winners, three Nobel Prize winners, and two Turing Award winners, to discuss advancements in mathematics, physics, information science, and engineering [1][2] Group 1 - The conference is being held for the first time in Beijing, with over 400 renowned international scientists in attendance, including many award winners and over 80 academicians from both China and abroad [2] - Over the next two weeks, the conference will host more than 500 academic meetings, where prominent scientists will share the latest research findings across various branches of fundamental sciences [2] - Qiu Chengtong, the conference chairman and a professor at Tsinghua University, highlighted significant breakthroughs in fundamental sciences that have greatly enhanced human understanding of nature and the universe [2][5] Group 2 - Qiu Chengtong emphasized that advancements in fundamental sciences are crucial not only for technological innovation but also as a core driving force for the evolution of human civilization [5] - He stressed the importance of strengthening international cooperation in the scientific field and promoting mutual trust and communication [5] - During the opening ceremony, the 2025 Lifetime Achievement Award in Fundamental Sciences was presented to six scientists, including physicist and MIT professor Samuel Ting [5]