Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of enhancing the technology management system and mechanism in China to foster innovation and achieve the goal of becoming a technology powerhouse by 2035 [1][2]. Group 1: Government Role - The government should strengthen top-level design and institutional supply to create a conducive environment for innovation, focusing on establishing property rights, financial support systems, and research evaluation mechanisms [2][3]. - A clear delineation of responsibilities among government departments is necessary to avoid overlapping functions and enhance collaborative governance [3]. Group 2: Market Role - The market must play a crucial role in optimizing resource allocation and discovering value, as market-oriented innovation systems demonstrate significantly higher resource allocation efficiency compared to administrative-led systems [4]. - Establishing a national technology trading market and promoting the marketization of data elements are essential steps to enhance the innovation ecosystem [4][5]. Group 3: Social Role - The article highlights the need for social collaboration in driving innovation, emphasizing the importance of creating a supportive ecosystem that includes various stakeholders such as enterprises, universities, and research institutions [6][7]. - Building infrastructure for collaborative innovation, such as open research platforms and digital collaboration systems, is vital for fostering a cooperative innovation environment [7].