Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of the U.S. government's restrictive immigration policies on foreign researchers and international students, highlighting a potential talent exodus from the U.S. and questioning the sustainability of America's technological superiority in the long term [4][24]. Group 1: U.S. Immigration Policies and Their Effects - The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has implemented a risk classification policy for foreign researchers, categorizing individuals from countries like China, Russia, and Iran as "high-risk," leading to restricted access to sensitive research areas [4][8]. - The U.S. Department of Education issued a memorandum requiring universities to limit international undergraduate students to no more than 15% and those from any single country to 5%, which signals a shift in the U.S. stance towards international talent [5][6]. - The number of international students in the U.S. dropped by 17% in the fall of 2025 compared to the previous year, resulting in an economic loss of at least $1.1 billion and the loss of 23,000 jobs [6][10]. Group 2: Impact on Young Researchers - Young researchers, particularly those in STEM fields, are facing significant challenges due to funding cuts and hiring freezes at major research institutions like the NIH, with over 10,000 Ph.D. holders leaving the federal research system [13][14]. - The article highlights individual stories of young scientists who have chosen to leave the U.S. for better opportunities abroad, reflecting a broader trend of talent migration away from the U.S. [15][16]. Group 3: International Response and Talent Migration - European countries are actively seeking to attract talent from the U.S., with initiatives like Austria's APART-USA program and the EU's €500 million "Choose Europe" plan aimed at luring international researchers [18][19]. - The article notes that the tightening of immigration policies has led to a reverse migration trend, with more individuals, including U.S. citizens, considering relocation abroad due to factors like violence and political instability [20][22].