Core Viewpoint - Vietnam's National Assembly has passed an amendment to the Law on Geology and Minerals, designating rare earths as a strategically important resource under strict state control and prohibiting the export of rare earth ores [3]. Group 1: Legislative Changes - The amendment will take effect on January 1, 2026, and mandates that all activities related to the exploration, mining, and processing of rare earths must align with the national rare earth strategy and overall planning [3]. - Only institutions and enterprises designated or authorized by the Vietnamese government will be permitted to conduct rare earth exploration, mining, and processing activities [3]. Group 2: Resource Management - The Vietnamese government will manage geological data uniformly, regulate trade, and maintain appropriate reserves of rare earths [3]. - According to a report by the U.S. Geological Survey, Vietnam's rare earth reserves are approximately 3.5 million tons, ranking sixth in the world [3].