以下文章来源于肥胖世界ObesityWorld ，作者肥胖世界 肥胖世界ObesityWorld . 《肥胖世界》Obesity World - 同步传真肥胖及代谢国际新学术进展，为医学减重临床、教研人员搭建一座与国际接轨的桥梁，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 近日，一项发表在顶级科学期刊《自然》(Nature)上的开创性研究，通过分析超过17万个单细胞样本，首次揭示了人们减肥后为何容易复胖的 关键生物学机制—肥胖细胞存在"炎症记忆"现象1。 这项由苏黎世联邦理工学院科研团队主导的尖端研究发现，即使成功减重，人体脂肪细胞仍保留着曾经肥胖状态的表观遗传"记忆"，这种分子 层面的"胖记忆"成为体重反弹的隐形推手2。 研究团队通过高精度单细胞RNA测序技术(snRNA-seq)，对比分析了人类与小鼠模型中的脂肪组织样本，惊人发现减重后的脂肪组织仍然保留 着显著的细胞转录变化。尤其值得注意的是，巨噬细胞中的"促炎记忆"特别顽固，即使体重已恢复正常，这种炎症信号依然存在3。 @OW小助理 扫码添加肥胖世界官方助理 量身定制科学减肥方案 和10万+科学减重爱好者一起,迎接划时代 意义的减重革命 W更多阅读 用 前 沿 科 学 ...

Core Insights - A groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature reveals the biological mechanisms behind why individuals regain weight after losing it, highlighting the phenomenon of "inflammatory memory" in fat cells [5][7]. Group 1: Research Findings - The research led by the ETH Zurich team discovered that even after successful weight loss, human fat cells retain an epigenetic "memory" of their previous obese state, which contributes to weight regain [7]. - Using high-precision single-cell RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), the study compared fat tissue samples from humans and mouse models, finding significant transcriptional changes in fat tissue post-weight loss [7]. - Notably, the "pro-inflammatory memory" in macrophages remains persistent, indicating that inflammatory signals continue to exist even when body weight normalizes [7]. Group 2: Implications for Weight Management - The study indicates that the longer an individual has been obese, the stronger the impact of this "fat memory," explaining why long-term obese individuals are more prone to weight regain after dieting [7]. - While weight loss can eliminate some senescent cells and reverse immune dysregulation, it does not fully eradicate the pro-inflammatory memory in macrophages, suggesting that future weight loss therapies may need to target this inflammatory memory mechanism for effective long-term weight management [7]. - This scientific breakthrough could shift the understanding of obesity treatment from a simple "weight loss" approach to a more complex "cellular memory reset" strategy, offering new hope for billions affected by obesity globally [7].